doktorska disertacija
Janez Juvan (Author), Andrej Sotlar (Mentor), Bojan Dobovšek (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V disertaciji so opisani vzroki za nastanek vojn na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije, ki jo danes poznamo pod nazivom Zahodni Balkan in dejavniki, ki so vplivali na razvoj sovražnosti pred vojnami in posledice. Mednarodna skupnost se je reševanja predvojnih problemov lotevala z vnaprejšnjim nezaupanjem in miselnimi vzorci, ki niso ustrezali dejanskim razmeram. Hkrati so upoštevali predvsem svoje posebne interese. Vojne v devetdesetih so to nazorno pokazale. Prebivalci v regiji se pri komunikaciji v mednarodnem okolju izogibajo lastni geografski identifikaciji. Ne opredeljujejo se po nazivu Balkan zaradi vseh negativnih in slabšalnih opisov, ki so se nabrali skozi stoletja v širši mednarodni skupnosti. Mednarodna skupnost je spoznala kako so nekateri v preteklosti izvajani politični eksperimenti v regiji dosegli manj kot je bilo želeno ter se zaveda, da je potrebno najti nove mehanizme reševanja konfliktnih situacij. Evropa in širša mednarodna skupnost je prepoznala, potrebna je nova strategija za Zahodni Balkan. S politiko zapiranja meja in nenaklonjenostjo novim članicam, se ne prispeva k stabilnosti v regiji. Vključevanje novih držav iz Zahodnega Balkana v EU ni realno v prihodnjih letih. Evropska komisija resda ima napisano strategijo širjenja na Zahodni Balkan vendar realnost in odziv posameznih držav članic EU kaže nesporno dejstvo, da širitve z novimi članicami ne vidijo v istih časovnih okvirih kakor predvideva strategija. Raziskava ponuja nov model potrebnih ukrepov in prioritet, ki bi jih mednarodna skupnost morala vpeljevati v regiji v prihodnje. Raziskavo smo izvedli s primerjalno analizo že obstoječega gradiva, opravili smo daljše intervjuje s strokovnjaki, ki poznajo regijo podrobno, ter analizirali že izvedene ukrepe v svetu kot primere dobre ali slabe prakse. S sintezo v raziskavi pridobljenih podatkov smo prikazali rezultate in iz njih izpeljali ustrezne zaključke. Ukrepi novega modela lahko pripomorejo, da bodo potrebne reforme lažje izvedene. Model poudarja tudi vse tiste elemente varnosti, ki so ključni za stabilnost regije in preprečevanje konfliktov v prihodnje. Bistvo novega modela je z reformami doseči delovanje pravne države, posodobitev javne uprave, poenotenje poslovnega okolja z davčno politiko in institucijami nadzora, odpreti in zaščititi konkurenčnost delovne sile, vzpostaviti delujoče socialne, zdravstvene in pokojninske sisteme ter ustvariti pogoje za delovanje civilne družbe. Izdelati je treba proaktiven in dinamičen razvoj odnosov na ravni mednarodne skupnosti. Varnostni koncept za Zahodni Balkan mora postati načrt celotne Evrope in širše mednarodne skupnosti kot del stabilnosti širše regije. Upravljanje s konflikti, delujoče institucije v okviru pravne države in svobodne civilne družbe morajo biti uporabljene kot preventiva pred kakršnimkoli nasiljem. Nov model je ob upoštevanju lokalnih posebnosti mogoče implementirati tudi v drugih regionalnih konfliktnih območjih.

Keywords

mednarodna skupnost;varnost;Zahodni Balkan;disertacije;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher: [J. Juvan]
UDC: 327.56(043.3)
COBISS: 3846122 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 118
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Modelling new activity of the international community operation in the western balkan countries to achieve long-term stability and security
Secondary abstract: This dissertation describes the causes of the wars in the region of the former Yugoslavia, which we now know as the Western Balkans and the factors that influenced the development of hostilities before the wars and the consequences. The international community tackled pre-war problems with pre-emptive mistrust and thought patterns that did not correspond to the actual situation. At the same time, they took into account their particular interests. The wars in the 1990s clearly showed this position. The inhabitants in the region avoid their own geographical identification when communicating in the international environment. They do not identify themselves as Balkan because of all the negative and deteriorating descriptions accumulated over the centuries within the wider international community. The international community has realized that some of the past political experiments carried out in the region have reached less than they desired and is aware that new mechanisms for resolving conflict situations need to be found. Europe and the wider international community have recognized the need for a new strategy for the Western Balkans. The policy of closing borders and a reluctance to accept new members does not contribute to stability in the region. The integration of new countries from the Western Balkans into the EU is not a realistic plan in the coming years. The European Commission has a written strategy for enlargement to the Western Balkans but the reality and reaction of individual EU member states shows the undeniable fact that they do not see enlargements with the new members within the same time frame as the strategy foresees. The survey provides a new model for the necessary measures and priorities that the international community should implement within the region in the future. We conducted research using a comparative analysis of material already existing and we conducted lengthy interviews with experts who know the region in detail and analyzed the measures already implemented in the world as examples of good or bad practice. By synthesizing the data obtained from the survey we presented the results and derived the conclusions from them. Measures from the new model can help make the necessary reforms easier. The model also emphasizes all those elements of security that are key to stability in the region and the prevention of conflicts in the future. The essence of the new model is to achieve the functioning of the rule of law, the modernization of public administration, the unification of the business environment with a tax policy and supervisory institutions and to open up and protect the competitiveness of the workforce, to establish functioning social, health and pension systems and create conditions for a functioning civil society. A proactive and dynamic development of relations at the level of the international community needs to be created. The security concept for the Western Balkans must become a plan for Europe as a whole and the wider international community as part of the stability within the wider region. Conflict management, functioning institutions within the rule of law and free civil society must be used as a preventive measure against any kind of violence. Considering local specifications, the new model can also be implemented in other regional conflict areas.
Secondary keywords: international community;new model;security;Western Balkans;EU accession;
Type (COBISS): Doctoral dissertation
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages: XI, 342 str., [4] str. pril.
ID: 11419567