sistematični pregled literature
Ana Boštjančič (Author), Alan Kacin (Author)

Abstract

Uvod: Metanje ali udarjanje z roko nad glavo ustvarja izredne obremenitve ramenskega sklepa, kar lahko povzroči bolečine in poškodbe sklepa, ki so glavna težava tovrstnih športnikov. Za uspešno preprečevanje nastanka poškodb naj bi bilo bistveno prepoznavanje dejavnikov tveganja in preprečevanje čezmernih obremenitev sklepa. Namen našega članka je bil pregledati in analizirati izsledke znanstvenih raziskav o učinkovitosti fizioterapevtskih postopkov za zmanjšanje dejavnikov tveganja za nastanek preobremenitvenih poškodb ramena pri tovrstnih športnikih. Metode: Pregled randomiziranih kontroliranih poskusov, objavljenih v zadnjih petih letih v podatkovnih zbirkah Pubmed, CINAHL in PEDro. Rezultati: Merilom izbora je ustrezalo sedem raziskav. Eden izmed specifičnih vadbenih programov za zmanjševanje dejavnikov tveganja poškodb je uspešno vplival na manjšo stopnjo poškodb, druga dva pa sta pomembno izboljšala jakost in razmerje navorov mišičnih parov ramenskega sklepa. Eden izmed vadbenih programov se po učinku ni razlikoval od standardne fizioterapevtske obravnave. Aplikacija elastičnih in togih lepilnih trakov je vplivala na izboljšanje propriocepcije in stabilnosti sklepa, povečanje obsega notranje rotacije ter zmanjšanje diskinezije lopatice. Zaključki: Večina vadbenih aktivnosti, usmerjenih v zmanjševanje dejavnikov tveganja poškodb ramenskega sklepa in ramenskega obroča, je pokazala pozitivne učinke, zato bi jih bilo dobro dodati k ustaljeni športni vadbi. Elastične ali toge lepilne trakove je smiselno uporabiti le kot dodatek k kinezioterapiji, in sicer le pri osebah z večjim tveganjem. Za določanje resničnega učinka posameznih postopkov na zmanjšanje pojavnosti poškodb so potrebne dodatne raziskave visoke kakovosti.

Keywords

preventiva;preobremenitev;ramenski sklep;športniki z metom nad glavo;fizioterapija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
UDC: 615.82/.84: 616.727.2
COBISS: 5764459 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 1318-2102
Views: 520
Downloads: 158
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Effects of physiotherapy procedures for reducing risk factors of shoulder overuse injuries in athletes
Secondary abstract: Introduction: The overhead throwing and striking movements put extraordinary demands on glenohumeral joint and can lead to pain and injuries, which are the major health problem in overhead athletes. The identification of risk factors of shoulder joint overuse injuries is regarded the key to successful injury prevention. The aim of this article was to review scientific research reports on the effectiveness of physiotherapy procedures aiming to reduce risk factors of shoulder joint overuse injuries in overhead sports. Methods: The reports of randomized controlled trials published over the past five years were searched in Pubmed, CINAHL and PEDro databases. Results: Seven studies met all the criteria and were thoroughly analyzed. One of the specific exercise programs aimed to reduce risk factors was successful in reducing the degree of shoulder injury, while two of them significantly improved strength and torque ratios of the shoulder muscles. Another specific exercise program did not show better effectiveness than standard physiotherapy. The application of elastic and rigid adhesive tapes improved the proprioception and joint stability, increased mobility, and decreased scapular dyskinesia. Conclusions: Most of the reviewed therapeutic exercise programs proved to be effective and should therefore be added to the sport-specific training routine. Elastic or rigid adhesive tapes should be used only as an adjunct to kinesiotherapy, and only in athletes at higher risk. There is a high demand for additional high-quality studies, which would scrutinize the relative contribution of each preventive procedure to the incidence of injuries.
Secondary keywords: prevention;overuse;shoulder;overhead throwing athletes;physiotherapy;
Pages: str. 31-39
Volume: ǂLetn. ǂ27
Issue: ǂšt. ǂ2
Chronology: dec. 2019
ID: 11423667