Določevanje težkih kovin in toksičnih organskih spojin v ekstraktih listov Lawsonia inermis L.

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Špela Vivijana Kristan (Author), Maša Islamčević Razboršek (Mentor), Marjana Simonič (Co-mentor), Pija Rep (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Lawsonia inermis L. znana tudi pod imenom hena, je rastlina, ki se uporablja kot naravna barva za lase, poslikavo kože in nohtov. Takšna naravna barvila lahko vsebujejo težke kovine ali toksične organske spojine v sledovih, ki ob prepogosti izpostavljenosti povzročijo škodljive učinke na zdravje ljudi. Zato je izrednega pomena določevanje nevarnih substanc v pasti oz. listih hene z zanesljivimi analiznimi metodami z zmožnostjo zaznave nizkih koncentracij preiskovanih spojin. V diplomskem delu smo določili vsebnosti štirinajstih težkih kovin v vzorcih hene z masno spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP MS) in vsebnosti dveh aromatskih aminov (para-fenilendiamina in orto-fenilendiamina) s tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti (HPLC) z DAD detektorjem. Za analizo živega srebra smo uporabili atomsko absorpcijsko spektrometrijo (AAS), saj se pri ICP MS analizi pojavljajo prevelike motnje. Analizirali smo osem komercialno dostopnih barv, ki so bile kupljene na slovenskem tržišču in en vzorec prahu hene, brez deklaracije, kupljen na tržnici v Egiptu. V vseh vzorcih hene smo v sledovih odkrili težke kovine. Večina koncentracij težkih kovin je bila znotraj predpisanih mejnih vrednosti, ki jih predpisujejo mednarodne organizacije in vladne institucije za kozmetične izdelke ali heno. Izjema so bile koncentracije kroma, z maksimalno vrednostjo 137,01 mg/kg in koncentracije niklja, z maksimalno vrednostjo 14,49 mg/kg. Od vseh elementov smo najvišje vrednosti izmerili za aluminij v obsegu 472 mg/kg do 5907 mg/kg, za katerega sicer ni predpisanih mejnih vrednosti v kozmetičnih izdelkih ali v heni. S HPLC analizo smo ugotovili, da so v vseh analiziranih vzorcih hene vrednosti aminov pod mejo določljivosti.

Keywords

kana;toksične organske spojine;težke kovine;aromatski amini;ekstrakti listov;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[Š. V. Kristan]
UDC:	543.632.495:582.772.2(043.2)
COBISS:	19694083
Views:	827
Downloads:	89
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Determination of heavy metals and toxic organic compounds in Lawsonia inermis L. leaves extracts
Secondary abstract:	Lawsonia inermis L. also known as Henna, is a plant used as a natural hair, skin and nails colorant. Natural colorants derived from dried and crushed leaves may contain heavy metals and toxic organic compounds as trace elements which can pose a high risk to human health. Therefore, identifying hazardous substances in henna paste or in hena leaves is of a great importance. For analysis reliable and sensitive analytical methods that can detect low concentrations of the compounds must be used. Henna samples were analyzed to determine the contents of fourteen different heavy metals by using mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP MS) and to determine the contents of two aromatic amines (para-phenylendiamine and orto-phenylendiamine) with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and DAD detection. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used for the analysis of mercury since mercury causes much of interferences in ICP-MS analysis. Eight commercially available samples of henna purchased on the Slovenian market and one sample of henna purchased on a local market in Egipt were analysed. Heavy metals were detected in all samples in traces. Most of heavy metal concentrations were within the limit values prescribed by international organisations and government institutions in cosmetic products or Henna, with an exception of chromium (maximum concentration 137,01 mg/kg) and nickel (maximum concentration 14,49 mg/kg). In all of the henna samples concentrations of aluminium were higher than any other metal, ranging between 472 mg/kg and 5907 mg/kg. The results of HPLC analysis have shown that the levels of aromatic amines were under the limit of quantitation.
Secondary keywords:	Hena;Lawsonia Inermis;heavy metals;aromatic amines;ICP-MS;HPLC;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	X, 55 str.
ID:	11566564