diplomsko delo
Lara Eva Rudolf (Author), Helena Prosen (Mentor)

Abstract

Zaradi dobrih protikorozijskih lastnosti je uporaba benzotriazolov v zadnjih desetletjih velika. Ker so kemijsko stabilni, dobro topni v vodi in odporni na biorazgradnjo, pa se vedno bolj preučuje tudi njihov vpliv na okolje. Tako kot vsaka dodana snov, tudi benzotriazoli niso ravno dobrodejni naravnemu okolju. Predvsem naj bi se velike koncentracije nahajale v okolici letališč in na kmetijskih površinah, ki uporabljajo blato iz čistilnih naprav. Namen diplomskega dela je bil razvoj ekstrakcijske metode za določanje šestih benzotriazolov v tleh. Benzotriazole sem iz vzorca zemlje najprej ekstrahirala z uporabo ultrazvočne ekstrakcije s topili, kateri je sledila ekstrakcija na trdno fazo (SPE). Nato pa sem spojine določila z metodo visokoločljivostne tekočinske kromatografije (HPLC). Nazadnje sem preizkusila razvito metodo še na dveh realnih vzorcih tal. Pri ultrazvočni ekstrakciji sem za optimalno topilo določila mešanico, ki je vsebovala 10 % MQ vode in 90 % acetona. Nato sem določala optimalni čas ultrazvočne ekstrakcije. Izkazalo se je, da je 40 min na ultrazvočni kopeli najbolj optimalno, saj so se večinoma vsi benzotriazoli ekstrahirali v najvišjem deležu prav pri tem času. Zadnja določitev pa je bila, ali je potrebno ultrazvočno kopel segrevati. Rezultati so pokazali, da segrevanje ni potrebno, saj ni bilo bistvene razlike v učinkovitosti ekstrakcije s segrevanjem in pri sobni temperaturi, pri nekaterih benzotriazolih pa je bil izkoristek pri segrevanju celo manjši. Realna vzorca tal sem odvzela iz okolice letališča Jožeta Pučnika ter iz okolice odlagališča bele tehnike na Viču. Rezultati nikjer niso pokazali vsebnosti benzotriazolov. Lahko da jih dejansko ni v zemlji ali pa so njihove koncentracije tako majhne, da jih ni bilo mogoče zaznati.

Keywords

tla;onesnaževanje tal;benzotriazoli;ekstrakcija na trdno fazo;SPE;tekočinska kromatografija visoke ločljivosti;HPLC;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher: [L. E. Rudolf]
UDC: 543:66.061.34(043.2)
COBISS: 14004483 Link will open in a new window
Views: 702
Downloads: 259
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Development of an extraction method for benzotriazole determination in soil
Secondary abstract: Due to their good anti-corrosion properties, the use of benzotriazoles has been extensive in recent decades. As they are chemically stable, soluble in water and resistant to biodegradation, their environmental impact is also being increasingly explored. Like any introduced substance, benzotriazoles are not exactly beneficial to the natural environment. In particular, high concentrations are expected to be found around airports and on agricultural land using sewage sludge. The purpose of the thesis was to develop an extraction method for the determination of six benzotriazoles in soil. I first extracted the benzotriazoles from the soil sample using ultrasonic solvent extraction followed by solid phase extraction (SPE). Then, the compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, I tried the developed method on two real soil samples. For ultrasonic extraction, I determined a mixture containing 10% MQ water and 90% acetone as the optimal solvent. I then determined the optimal ultrasonic extraction time. It turned out that 40 min on the ultrasound bath was the most optimal, since most of benzotriazoles were extracted in the highest proportion at this time. The final determination was whether the ultrasonic bath needed to be heated. The results showed that heating is not necessary, since there was no significant difference in the extraction efficiency by heating and at room temperature, and for some benzotriazoles, the efficiency while heating was even lower. Real soil samples were taken from the vicinity of the Jože Pučnik Airport and from the vicinity of the white goods landfill at Vič. The results showed no content of benzotriazoles. They may not actually be present in the ground or their concentrations may be so low that they cannot be detected.
Secondary keywords: soil;benzotriazoles;solid phase extraction;high-performance liquid chromatography;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000374
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, VSŠ Kemijska tehnologija
Pages: 32 str.
ID: 11633685