diplomsko delo
Monika Foder (Author), Andrej Starc (Reviewer), Anita Prelec (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Histerektomija je pogosta ginekološka operacija, pri kateri se odstrani maternico. Poznamo več vrst histerektomije in sicer: totalno, subtotalno in radikalno, prav tako pa različne operativne pristope, ki so: abdominalni, laparoskopski in vaginalni. Eno izmed ključnih vprašanj ženske po odstranitvi maternice je vpliv na spolno funkcijo. Histerektomija lahko na spolnost vpliva fizično in psihično. V literaturi prevladuje stališče, da histerektomija pozitivno vpliva na kakovost življenja in spolnost, vendar se vpliv odstranitve maternice razlikuje od ženske do ženske. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati in predstaviti vpliv histerektomije na spolnost. Opisali bomo različne vrste in načine histerektomije in njihov vpliv na spolnost med seboj primerjali. Predstavljeni bodo tudi psihološki vplivi odstranitve maternice na žensko in spolnost ter vpliv histerektomije na partnerja. Metode dela: Za metodo dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda. Pregledani so bili strokovni in znanstveni članki, najdeni v elektronskih bazah MEDLINE in CINAHL, ter iskalnikih: PubMed, Dikul in Google Učenjak. Ključne besede in besedne zveze, ki so bile uporabljene pri iskanju v slovenščini, so bile: ginekološka operacija, odstranitev maternice, spolna funkcija in svetovanje med seboj povezane z operatorjem »IN«. Uporabljene ključne besede in besedne zveze v angleščini so bile: gynecological operations, hysterectomy, sexual intercourses, advises, skupaj povezane z operatorjem »AND«. Vključitveni kriteriji so bili: jasna povezava članka s tematiko histerektomije, literatura ni bila starejša od 10 let, članek v celoti dostopen. Tip metodologije ni bil pomemben. Razprava in zaključek: Način in kirurški pristop histerektomije lahko vplivata na spolno funkcijo ženske. Kadar je to le mogoče, naj se izvaja vaginalna histerektomija. Laparoskopska in abdominalna izvedba operacije imata svoje prednosti in slabosti, ki jih je pred operacijo potrebno vključiti v postopek odločanja. Najnovejše raziskave, ki so med seboj primerjale subtotalno in totalno histerektomijo, niso dokazale večjih razlik v pooperativni kakovosti življenja in spolni funkciji. Največ negativnih učinkov na spolnost in kakovost življenja ima radikalna histerektomija zaradi odstranitve večjih delov pelvičnih ligamentov, avtonomnih živcev in krajšanja zgornjega dela vagine. Zelo pomemben dejavnik, ki vpliva na slabšo spolnost po histerektomiji so težave v spolnosti, ki so bile prisotne že pred operacijo. Histerektomija v večini primerov na spolnost in kakovost življenja vpliva pozitivno, saj ublaži bolečino, zmanjša krvavitev in odstrani neprijetne simptome, ki so bili indikacija za operativni poseg. Več faktorjev vpliva na spolnost po histerektomiji in sicer pogostost odnosov pred posegom, želja po odnosih, vzburjanje, odnos do spolnega partnerja in disparevnija. Če je bila spolnost pred histerektomijo zadovoljiva in odnos med partnerjema dober, v večini ni strahu, da bi spolnost postala slabša. Rezultati študij kažejo, da lahko večina žensk po histerektomiji pričakuje nespremenjeno ali izboljšano spolno funkcijo. Občutek olajšanja simptomov lahko odtehta določeno stopnjo tveganja za spremembe spolne funkcije po operaciji.

Keywords

diplomska dela;babištvo;ginekološke operacije;odstranitev maternice;spolna funkcija;svetovanje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [M.Foder]
UDC: 618.2/.7
COBISS: 16831235 Link will open in a new window
Views: 3177
Downloads: 470
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Sexuality after hysterectomy
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Hysterectomy is a common gynecological operation in which the uterus is removed. Several types of hysterectomy are known, total, subtotal and radical. The operative approaches can be abdominal, laparoscopic and vaginal. It is important that we know how removal of the uterus affects sexual function. Hysterectomy can affect sexuality physical and psychological. In the literature, the prevailing view is that hysterectomy has a positive effect on quality of life and sexuality, but the impact of uterine removal varies from woman to woman. Purpose: Purpose of this systematic review is to investigate and present how hysterectomy affects sexuality, describe different types and modes of hysterectomy and compare their effects on sexuality, present psychological impact of uterine removal and the effect of a hysterectomy on a partner. Methods: Descriptive method was used. Professional and academic articles which were found in electronic databases CINAHL and MEDLINE were finded. Search databases were: PubMed, DiKul and Google Scholar. With help of various bibliographic-catalogue databases COBISS and DiKUL. Key words and phrases that were used at searching in slovene language were: ginekološka operacija, odstranitev maternice, spolna funkcija, svetovanje which were connected by the word “IN”. Used key words and phrases in English were gynecological operations, hysterectomy, sexual intercourses, advises which were connected together by the word “AND”. Searching for literature wasn’t linguisticly limited. The included criteria for choosing literature were: clear connection of the article and the theme of hysterectomy, with which the article's type of methodology wasn't important, the access to the whole article was complete, the literature was published between 2010 and 2020. Discussion and conclusion: The mode and surgical approach of hysterectomy can affect sexual function. Vaginal hysterectomy should be performed whenever possible, laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy have their strenghts and weaknesses that need to be included in the decision making process before surgery. Recent research comparing subtotal and total hysterectomy has not shown major differences in postoperative quality of life and sexual function. While radical hysterectomy causes more negative effects on sexuality and quality of life, due to the removal of larger parts of the pelvic ligaments, the autonomic nerves and the shortening of the upper part of the vagina. A very important factor affecting less sex after hysterectomy are problems in sexual intercourses that were present before surgery. After reviewing the literature, we found that in most cases, hysterectomy has a positive effect on sex and quality of life, as it alleviates pain, reduces bleeding, and removes the unpleasant symptoms that were indications of the operation. Several factors affect sex after hysterectomy, namely, frequency intercourses, desire for relationships, arousal, relationship with sexual partner, and dyspareunia. If the sexual function before the hysterectomy was satisfactory and the relationship between the partners was good, in most of the cases there is no fear that the sexuality will become worse. Studies show that most women can expect unchanged or improved sexual function after the hysterectomy. Feeling the relief of the symptoms may outweigh some of the risk of changes in sexual function after surgery.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;midwifery;gynecological operations;hysterectomy;sexual intercourses;advises;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za babištvo
Pages: 33 str.
ID: 11724487