Fragmentacija vlaken iz melaminskih eterificiranih smol v naravnem okolju

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Nina Podlesnik (Author), Lidija Čuček (Mentor), Julija Volmajer Valh (Co-mentor), Annamaria Kiraly (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Vlakna iz melaminske eterificirane smole imajo specifične lastnosti, kot so nizka toplotna prevodnost, odlična toplotna stabilnost do okoli 300 °C (material se ne tali, kaplja ali krči), visoka kemijska in UV odpornost. Zaradi svojih lastnosti so vlakna uporabna v številnih industrijskih aplikacijah, kot na primer za ognjevarne zaščitne obleke, za filtrni medij visoke zmogljivosti in učinkovitosti, za izolacije itd. Vprašanje pa je kaj narediti s proizvodom po končani življenjski dobi zaradi njegove termične stabilnosti in strukture ter kakšen je vpliv vlaken na okolje. Plastični odpadki negativno vplivajo na zdravje ljudi in živali ter onesnažujejo okolje. V diplomski nalogi smo opazovali kaj se zgodi z vlakni po krajši izpostavljenosti v naravnih okoljih. Osredotočili smo se na izpostavljenost materiala v zemlji in v vodah. Pri izpostavljenosti vlaken v zemlji smo opazovali vizualne spremembe, spremembo mase ter izvedli IR spektroskopijo. Pred in po izluževanju vlaken v naravne vode (sladke in slane) pa smo merili vsebnosti amonijaka, formaldehida, celotnega dušika in ogljika, vrednost kemijske potrebe po kisiku (KPK) in osnovne parametre onesnaženosti vode (motnost, prevodnost in pH). Dodatno smo izvedli eksperiment z modelnimi vodami, pri čemer smo analizirali kako vpliva slanost ter pH na izluževanje materiala. Rezultati kažejo, da se vlakna pri poskusu z zemljo niso kaj dosti spremenila, kot smo tudi predvidevali, saj so bila v zemlji le relativno kratek čas. V nasprotju s predvidevanji, pa smo v vodah izmerili večje spremembe, zlasti večje povišanje koncentracije formaldehida.

Keywords

vlakna iz melaminske eterificirane smole;mikroplastika in nanoplastika;onesnaževanje okolja;izluževanje;plastični odpad;fragmentacija pastike v naravnem okolju;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Podlesnik]
UDC:	628.4.06:678.652(043.2)
COBISS:	32482051
Views:	475
Downloads:	85
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Fragmentation of melamine etherified resin (MER) fibers in natural environment
Secondary abstract:	Melamine etherified resin (MER) fibers have specific characteristics such as low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal stability up to approximately 300 °C (the material doesn’t melt, drip or shrink), high chemical and UV resistance. Due to its characteristics the fibers are useful in numerous industrial products, e.g. for fire-resistant protection suits, filter mediums of high performance and efficiency, for isolation etc. The question is what to do with the product after its expired lifespan because of its thermal stability and structure, and what is the effect of fibers on the environment. Plastic waste negatively affects people and animals’ health and pollutes the environment. In the thesis paper we observed what happens with fibers after a shorter exposure in natural environments. We focused on the exposure of material in soil and water and observed visual and mass changes while the fibers were exposed in the soil and performed IR spectroscopy. Before and after leaching the fibers in different samples of natural water (fresh and saline) we measured the amounts of ammonium, formaldehyde, nitrogen and oxygen in whole, the amount of chemical necessity for oxygen (KPK) and basic parameters of water pollution (murkiness, conductivity and pH). In addition, we performed an experiment with samples of model water for the purpose of how salinity and pH affect the leaching of the material. The results show that the fibres during the soil experiment didn’t change much, which we predicted because they were in the soil for a relatively short time. Contrary to our predictions, we measured bigger changes in the water samples, especially the increasing concentration of formaldehyde.
Secondary keywords:	melamine etherified resin fibers;micro and nano plastics;pollution of environment;leaching;plastic waste;fragmentation of plastics in natural environment;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	IX, 47 str.
ID:	11996377