Vloga imunskega sistema in imunoterapije pri trojno negativnem raku dojk

Abstract

Interakcija med tumorskimi celicami in imunskimi celicami tumorski stromi je pomembna za nastanek, razvoj in napredovanje raka. Pri raku dojk je najbolj preučena vloga tumorskega limfocitnega infiltrata (TIL) in izraženosti liganda za programirano smrt-1 (PD-L1). Večja izraženost TIL je neodvisni napovedni dejavnik za popolno patološko remisijo po neoadjuvantni sistemski terapiji pri HER2+ in trojno negativnem podtipu raka dojk ter za celotno preživetje pri trojno negativnem raku dojk. Največ raziskav z zaviralniki kontrolnih točk (imunoterapijo) poteka pri trojno negativnem metastatskem raku dojk. V klinični praksi se že uporablja atezolizumab v kombinaciji z nabpaklitakselom pri primarno metastatskih bolnicah in tistih s progresom več kot 12 mesecev po adjuvantni terapiji, če imajo čezmerno izražen PD-L1. Še vedno pa se raziskuje, kateri mehanizmi in biomarkerji so udeleženi pri odzivu imunskega sistema na tumor, saj ima le majhen delež bolnikov dolgotrajno dobrobit od imunoterapije.

Keywords

rak dojke;imunski sistem;imunoterapija;trojno negativni rak dojk;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	1.04 - Professional Article
Organization:	OI - Institute of Oncology
UDC:	618.1
COBISS:	24701699
ISSN:	1408-1741
Parent publication:	Onkologija
Views:	1346
Downloads:	414
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	ǂThe ǂrole of the immune system in triple-negative breast cancer
Secondary abstract:	The interaction between tumour and immune cells in tumour stroma is very important for the formation, development and progression of cancer. The most evaluated interactions are tumour lymphocyte infiltration (TIL) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Higher TIL density is an independent prognostic factor for the achievement of complete pathologic remission (pCR) after neoadjuvant systemic treatment in HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. In triple-negative breast cancer, TIL is also prognostic for overall survival. Many studies with immunotherapy (checkpoint inhibitors) are ongoing in triple-negative breast cancer. In routine clinical practice, patients can be treated with atezolizumab+Nab-paclitaxel in primary metastatic breast cancer and those with progression after more than 12 months after the end of adjuvant treatment, if their tumours express PD-L1. Many studies addressing the mechanisms of the immune system and biomarkers are ongoing to reveal why only a subset of patients profit from immunotherapy.
Pages:	str. 32-38
Volume:	ǂLetn. ǂ24
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ1
Chronology:	2020
DOI:	10.25670/oi2020-006on
ID:	12010354