Emisija ocetne kisline iz celuloze acetata

diplomsko delo

Daša Terobšič (Author), Matija Strlič (Mentor)

Abstract

Ljudje več kot 90 odstotkov našega časa preživimo v notranjih prostorih, bodisi na delovnem mestu bodisi v naših domovih. Ob tem pa se ne zavedamo, da smo stalno izpostavljeni hlapnim organskim spojinam, ki emitirajo iz različnih materialov vsakodnevne uporabe in lahko škodujejo našemu zdravju. Hlapne organske spojine (HOS) vključujejo spojine tako antropogenega kot tudi naravnega izvora. Vendar pa so tiste, ki jih je ustvaril človek, bolj zaskrbljujoče, saj so prisotne v zaprtih prostorih, kjer so njihove koncentracije višje in bolj nevarne. Glavni viri HOS v notranjih prostorih so gradbeni materiali, pohištvo iz lesa in materiali na osnovi polimerov. Eden od slednjih je tudi celuloza acetat, ki se je v preteklosti intenzivno uporabljal za izdelavo kinematografskih filmov in raznih umetnin, ter tako danes predstavlja pomemben del evropske dediščine. Vendar pa taki izdelki predstavljajo problem, saj so občutljivi in nestabilni, ob razgradnji pa emitirajo ocetno kislino, ki lahko škoduje zdravju ljudi in povzroči poškodbe različnih predmetov. Pomembni zgodovinski objekti tako sčasoma izgubljajo barvo, se zvijajo in upogibajo, filmi pa postanejo neuporabni. Zaradi preventive pred uničenjem dediščine so se razvile razne metode za oceno razgradnje, prav tako pa je vprašanje, kakšni so najboljši pogoji hrambe, tema precejšnjih raziskav. Mnogi materiali v notranjih prostorih lahko na primer adsorbirajo hlapne organske spojine in s tem privedejo do znižanja njihovih koncentracij. Vendar pa lahko taki materiali po adsorpciji delujejo tudi kot vir oddajanja, s čimer še podaljšajo čas zadrževanja teh spojin v zaprtih prostorih. Zaradi nevarnosti, ki jih HOS predstavljajo človeškemu zdravju, se je razvilo nekaj tehnik vzorčenja in določevanja teh spojin, poleg tega pa seveda mnogo strategij za znižanje koncentracij.

Keywords

hlapne organske spojine;ocetna kislina;emisije;celuloza acetat;sorpcija;vzorčenje;določitev hitrosti emisij;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher:	[D. Terobšič]
UDC:	543.613.3:547.292(043.2)
COBISS:	27731971
Views:	619
Downloads:	126
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Acetic acid emission from cellulose acetate
Secondary abstract:	People spend more than 90 percent of our time indoors, either at work or in our homes. At the same time, we are not aware that we are constantly exposed to volatile organic compounds, which are emitted from various materials of everyday use and can be harmful to our health. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include compounds of both anthropogenic and natural origin. However, those created by man cause more concern as they are present indoors where their concentrations are higher and more dangerous. The main sources of volatile organic compounds indoors are building materials, wood furniture and polymer-based materials. One of the latter is also cellulose acetate, which in the past was intensively used for the production of cinematographic films and various works of art, and thus today represents an important part of Europe's heritage. However, such products pose a problem as they are sensitive and unstable and, when degraded, emit acetic acid, which can be harmful to human health and cause damage to various objects. Important historical objects thus lose color, twist and bend over time, and films become useless. To prevent the destruction of heritage, various methods for assessing decomposition have been developed, and the question of what the best storage conditions are is the subject of considerable research. For example, many indoor materials can adsorb volatile organic compounds, leading to a reduction in their concentrations. However, after adsorption, such materials can also act as a source of emission, thereby further extending the retention time of these compounds indoors. Due to the dangers that VOCs pose to human health, some techniques for sampling and determination of these compounds have been developed, as well as, of course, many strategies to reduce concentrations.
Secondary keywords:	volatile organic compounds;emission;cellulose acetate;acetic acid;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	1000373
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemija
Pages:	40 str.
ID:	12029409