Vpliv mikroplastike na sladkovodne organizme

diplomsko delo

Nika Kozoderc (Author), Simona Sušnik Bajec (Mentor), Simona Sušnik Bajec (Thesis defence commission member), Polona Jamnik (Thesis defence commission member), Mojca Narat (Thesis defence commission member)

Abstract

Plastično onesnaževanje je okoljsko globalni problem, ki vse bolj narašča. V zadnjem desetletju pa je v središču znanstvenega in javnega interesa vpliv mikroplastike na okolje in zdravje živali ter ljudi. Mikroplastika so majhni plastični delci s premerom manjšim od 5 mm različnih vrst, oblik, barv in izvornih virov (primarna, sekundarna). Čistilne naprave imajo znaten vpliv na kopičenje mikroplastike v sladkovodnih okoljih. Mikroplastika lahko deluje kot vektor za razna obstojna organska onesnaževala, ki imajo potencial biomagnifikacije preko prehranjevalne verige, in kot vektor za raznovrstne mikrobne skupnosti. Mikroplastika predstavlja ekotoksikološko in ekološko tveganje za vodne ekosisteme. Številni avtorji poročajo o vplivu mikroplastike na najraznovrstnejše sladkovodne organizme od alg, nevretenčarjev do izbranih ribjih vrst in o prenosu mikroplastike preko različnih trofičnih nivojev ter kopičenju v različnih organskih sistemih. Mikroplastika ima negativne posledice na organizme, kot so poškodbe in raztrganine telesnih tkiv, zaviranje rasti, stradanje, oviranje delovanja imunskega sistema, spremembe v transkriptomu in metabolomu, vedenjske in reproduktivne motnje, desorbcija obstojnih organskih onesnaževal, zmanjšanje sposobnosti preživetja in celo smrt.

Keywords

mikroplastika;sladkovodni ekosistemi;sladkovodni organizmi;ekotoksikološki učinki;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[N. Kozoderc]
UDC:	606:502:601.2:576.3:504:544.223.44(043.2)
COBISS:	31184131
Views:	269
Downloads:	92
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Impacts of microplastics on freshwater organisms
Secondary abstract:	Plastic pollution is an increasing global environmental problem. In the last decade, the impacts of microplastics on the environment and to animal and human health have been at the centre of scientific and public interest. Microplastics are small plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm of various types, shapes, colours and sources (primary, secondary). Wastewater treatment plants have a significant impact on the accumulation of microplastics in freshwater environments. Microplastics act as vectors for various persistent organic pollutants that have the potential for biomagnification through the food chain and as vectors for diverse microbial communities. Microplastics pose an ecotoxicological and ecological risk to aquatic ecosystems. Numerous studies report the impact of microplastics on a wide variety of freshwater organisms from algae, invertebrates to fish species, and on the transmission of microplastics across different trophic levels and accumulation in different organ systems. Microplastics can have harmful effects on organisms such as injuries and lacerations of body tissues, growth inhibition, starvation, immune response alterations, transcriptional and metabolic changes, behavioural and reproductive disorders, desorption of persistent organic pollutants, reduced viability and even death.
Secondary keywords:	microplastics;freshwater ecosystems;freshwater organisms;ecotoxicological effects;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages:	VIII, 20 str.
ID:	12033054