diplomsko delo
Ožbej Jakob Popelar (Author), Mojca Narat (Mentor), Mojca Narat (Thesis defence commission member), Polona Jamnik (Thesis defence commission member), Jernej Jakše (Thesis defence commission member)

Abstract

Köhler in Milstein sta leta 1984 odkrila tehnologijo pridobivanja hibridomov in pridobivanja protiteles, za katero sta tudi prejela Nobelovo nagrado. Hibridome sta pridobila z zlitjem mišjih mielomskih celic in mišjih limfocitov B. Naprej so monoklonska protitelesa uporabljali kot diagnostične reagente. Danes se uporabljajo za zdravljenje najrazličnejših bolezni kot so rak, avtoimunske bolezni in v farmacevtski industriji predstavljajo po obsegu najhitreje rastočo skupino bioloških zdravil. Zaradi nenehnega povečevanja povpraševanja po monoklonskih protitelesih, se razvijajo nove metode z različnimi prednostimi. Najprej so se pojavile izboljšave različnih faz klasične metode, kasneje pa so prišle tudi metode s popolnoma drugačnimi pristopi, kot so fagni prikaz, pridobivanje protiteles v sesalskih celicah in v transgenih rastlinah. Pri tehnologiji fagnega prikaza nastajajo protitelesa, ki imajo aminokislinske sekvence enake, kot jih imajo protitelesa človeškega izvora in imajo zato tudi nižjo raven imunogenosti kot protitelesa, pridobljena s pomočjo miši ali drugih živali. Za sesalske celične kulture so se večinoma odločali predvsem zaradi dovzetnosti za gensko manipulacijo, ter človeku podobne glikozilacije. Proizvodnja v transgenih rastlinah pa se uporablja zaradi lažjega dosega povečanja proizvodnje, ter zaradi nižjih stroškov.

Keywords

imunologija;monoklonska protitelesa;biološka zdravila;fuzija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [O. J. Popelar]
UDC: 602.68:606:616-097.3(043.2)
COBISS: 31427331 Link will open in a new window
Views: 926
Downloads: 355
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Modern methods for obtaining monoclonal antibodies
Secondary abstract: In 1984, Köhler and Milstein discovered the technology of obtaining hybridomas and obtaining antibodies, for which they also received the Nobel Prize. The hybridomas were obtained by fusing mouse myeloma cells and mouse-B lymphocytes. Monoclonal antibodies were further used as diagnostic reagents. Today, they are used to treat a wide variety of diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and represent the fastest growing biological drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to the ever-increasing demand for monoclonal antibodies, new methods with different advantages are being developed. Further improvements of the various phases of the classical method emerged, and later came methods with completely different approaches, such as phage display, expression in mammalian cells, and in transgenic plants. Phage display technology produces antibodies that have the same amino acid sequences as antibodies of human origin and therefore also have a lower level of immunogenicity than antibodies of mice or other animals. Mammalian cell cultures were mostly chosen primarily because of susceptibility to genetic manipulation, human-like glycosylation. Production in transgenic plants is used because it is easier to increase production and the costs are lower.
Secondary keywords: immunology;monoclonal antibodies;biological medicine;fusion;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages: VI, 16 str.
ID: 12038918