diplomsko delo
Jakob Dolenc (Author), Peter Fajfar (Mentor)

Abstract

Odnos med konjem in človekom je že od nekdaj vzajemen. O tem pričajo najdbe; vse od rimskih konjskih sandalov, predhodnikov današnjih konjskih podkev, do prvih primerkov podkev, primerljivih oblik z današnjimi. O tem pričajo tudi preiskave katere smo izvedli v okviru tega diplomskega dela. Konjske podkve različnih proizvajalcev, iz različnih zlitin, vključno z eno starinsko podkvijo, katere izvor smo ocenili v 15. stoletje, smo preiskali s sodobnimi metalurškimi metodami. Zanimale so nas dimenzije in mase podkev, poudarek pa smo namenili kemijskim analizam zlitin, iz katerih so bile narejene podkve ter nekovinskih vključkov katere smo v podkvah našli. Mikrostrukture podkev smo si ogledali z vrstičnim elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM), kemijsko sestavo posameznih faz pa izmerili po metodi energijske disperzijske spektroskopije rentgenskih žarkov (EDS). Kemijske sestave zlitin smo izmerili z metodami optične emisijske spektroskopije (OES), z metodo infrardeče absorpcije po sežigu v indukcijski peči in pa z rentgensko fluorescenčno spektroskopijo (XRF). Izmerili smo tudi trdote vzorčnih podkev kot tudi analizirali njihove mikrostrukture. Trdote smo merili z metodama meritve po Vickersu in po Brinellu, mikrostrukture pa smo si ogledali pod svetlobnim mikroskopom. Ugotovili smo, da se proizvajalci podkev v večini držijo obljubljenega in dostavijo to kar konj in kovač potrebujeta, pa najsibo potreba še tako specifična. Ob primerjavi rezultatov preiskav modernih podkev s starinsko, smo potrdili domnevo o razvoju podkev skozi čas. Ugotovili smo, da so se oblika in sestavni deli podkev resnično ohranili od njihove uveljavitve do danes, materiali uporabljeni za njihovo izdelavo pa so doživeli primeren razvoj.

Keywords

konjske podkve;starinska konjska podkev;metalurška preiskava;kemijska sestava;jeklo;aluminij;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
Publisher: [J. Dolenc]
UDC: 669
COBISS: 31862275 Link will open in a new window
Views: 399
Downloads: 97
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: metallurgical research of horseshoes
Secondary abstract: The relationship between a horse and a farrier has forever been mutually beneficial. Witnesses to that are archaeological finds; from the Roman hipposandals, the predecessors of modern horseshoes, to the first findings of horseshoes of similar shapes as today. Another witness to that is the research carried out in this diploma work. Horseshoes of different manufacturers, made from different alloys, including an old horseshoe, dated into the 15th century, were all investigated with modern metallurgical methods. Our interest laid in the dimensions and masses of horseshoes, with an emphasis on the chemical compositions of alloys, of which the horseshoes were made and chemical compositions of non-metallic inclusions and intermetallic phases, found in those horseshoes. We found the inclusions with the help of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and measured their chemical compositions with the method of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The chemical compositions of alloys were measured by following methods: optical emission spectroscopy (OES), method of infrared absorption after combustion and by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). We measured the hardnesses of our sample horseshoes and analyzed their microstructures. The hardnesses were measured by the Vickers and by the Brinell hardness tests, and the microstructures were viewed under the light microscope. We came to a conclusion that most of the manufacturers indeed keep their promises and deliver what a horse and a farrier need, whether it be the most specific need. By comparing the results of modern horseshoes with the old horseshoe, we confirmed our assumption of the progress of horseshoes through time. We found out that the shapes and parts of horseshoes didn't change much from their origins until today, but the materials used to make them developed appropriately.
Secondary keywords: horseshoes;old horseshoe;metallurgical research;chemical composition;steel;aluminium;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fak., Odd. za materiale in metalurgijo
Pages: XIV, 49 str.
ID: 12046427