magistrsko delo
Tamara Kreft (Author), Jana Rapuš-Pavel (Mentor)

Abstract

Magistrsko delo prikazuje izkušnje otrok v rejništvu, ki so razpeti med matično in rejniško družino. V teoretičnem delu se najprej dotaknem pomena družine v sodobni družbi, predstavim pluralizacijo oblik družinskega življenja, opredelim ranljive družine, njihove potrebe in strokovne odzive. Med ranljive družine štejem tudi matično družino otrok v rejništvu. V nadaljevanju naloge raziščem sistemsko ureditev rejništva v Sloveniji in predstavim vlogo rejniškega društva Slovenije. Ugotavljam tudi kakšne so specifike otrok, ki živijo med dvema družinama in kako se to odraža na njihovem vedenju. Dotaknem se tudi identitete in samopodobe otrok v rejništvu ter predstavim način podpore pri oblikovanju pozitivne samopodobe. V ospredje postavljam koncept soustvarjanja in sodelovanja med rejniško in matično družino, znotraj katerega predstavim pomembnost delovnega odnosa in individualne projektne skupine. Poudarim tudi participacijo otroka v rejniškem sistemu in njegov glas predstavim kot ključen del sodelovalnega procesa. Izpostavljen problem preslišanosti otrok podkrepim s predstavitvijo zakonodajne podlage, ki omogoča otrokovo udeležbo. V okviru teoretičnega dela predstavim tudi ugotovitve nekaterih že obstoječih slovenskih in tujih raziskav s področja rejništva. V empiričnem delu magistrskega dela pridobim vpogled v odnose, stiske in težave, ki jih otrokom, rejnikom in biološkim staršem domnevno prinaša pomanjkljiv sistem rejništva v Sloveniji. Raziskovalni pristop je kvalitativni, za zbiranje podatkov je uporabljen delno strukturirani intervju. Intervjuji so bili izvedeni s tremi otroki, s tremi biološkim starši in s tremi rejniki. Zbrani podatki so analizirani z metodo vsebinske analize. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da je otrokovo doživljanje prehoda iz matične v rejniško družino odvisno od življenjskih okoliščin situacije in starosti otroka, prav tako pa tudi od individualnih značilnosti otroka, doživetih izkušenj in primanjkljajev v matični družini, zaradi katerih je bil otrok nameščen v rejništvo. Otroci in mladostniki sam prehod in tudi rejniško družino doživljajo različno. V družini, kjer otroci bolj pozitivno doživljajo rejništvo, je moč zaznati ljubeče in spodbudno okolje ter več podpore s strani rejniških staršev in njihovih bioloških otrok. Primeri iz intervjujev pa opozarjajo, da niso vse rejniške družine funkcionalne, otrokom ne nudijo izkušenj povezanosti in varnosti, posledično pa se tudi otroci v takšnih rejniških družinah ne počutijo ljubljene in razumljene. Zelo pomembno za otroka je tudi poznavanje svojih korenin in matične družine. Z razumevanjem svojega položaja otroci oblikujejo odnos do svojih bioloških staršev. Občutki zmedenosti in razpetosti med družinama, pripomorejo k temu, da otroci v rejniški družini težko razvijejo občutek doma in pripadnosti, kar pa je ključno za razvoj otrokove zdrave osebnosti ter pozitivnega odnosa do sebe in do drugih. Na doživljanje otrokove razpetosti tako vpliva kvaliteta soustvarjanja med rejniško in matično družino. Dobro sodelovanje temelji na pristnem človeškem odnosu in pozitivni naravnanosti brez obsojanja. Dobro sodelovanje je v veliki meri odvisno od spodbud in podpore strokovnih služb, pogosto pa temelji zgolj na podlagi individualnih projektnih skupin. Za dosego kvalitetnega sodelovanja med družinama pa je potreben čas. Rezultati raziskave osvetlijo tudi nekatere pomanjkljivosti rejniškega sistema pri nas. Izpostavi se problematika dolgotrajnega rejništva, preslišanosti otrok in problematika pomanjkljivega sodelovanja z biološkimi starši. Ugotovitve raziskave med drugim prispevajo tudi nekatere vsebinske predloge za urejanje in izboljšanje položaja otrok v rejništvu in celotnega področja rejništva v Sloveniji.

Keywords

rejništvo;otrok;razpetost;rejniška družina;matična družina;soustvarjanje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [T. Kreft]
UDC: 364-782.42(043.2)
COBISS: 31400707 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 34
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Children in foster care and their wavering between their biological and foster families
Secondary abstract: Master's thesis researches the experiences of children in foster care, who are torn between the biological family and foster family. In the theoretical part of the thesis I will first touch upon the meaning of family in modern society, present the pluralization of forms of family life, identify vulnerable families, their needs and professional responses. I also consider the biological family of children in foster care to be vulnerable. Furthermore, I explore the system of foster care in Slovenia and present the role of the Foster Society of Slovenia. I also try to determine what the specifics of children living between two families are and how they are reflected in their behaviour. I touch on the identity and self-image of children in foster care and present a way of supporting them in forming a positive self-image. The concept of co-creation and cooperation between foster and parent families is highlighted, within which I present the importance of working relationships and individual project teams. I also emphasize the child's participation in the foster care system and present his voice as a key part of the collaborative process. I substantiate the exposed problem of children’s needs going unheard by presenting a legislative basis that enables children's participation. Within the theoretical part, I also present the findings of some existing Slovenian and foreign foster care research. In the empirical part of the master's thesis, I gain insight into the relationships, tribulations and problems that children, foster parents and biological parents allegedly bring to bear from the flawed foster care system in Slovenia. The research approach is qualitative, and a semi-structured interview is used to collect the data. The interviews were conducted with three children, three biological parents and three foster parents. The collected data are analysed using the content analysis method. The results of the study show that a child's transition from biological to foster family depends on the situation and age of the child, as well as on the child's own character, experiences and deficiencies in the biological family that led the child to foster care. Just like the transition itself, children and adolescents experience foster families differently. In a family where children have a positive foster care experience, a loving and supportive environment and support from foster parents and their biological children can be perceived. However, some cases from the interviews point out that not all foster families are functional and they do not provide children with an experience of connection and safety. Consequently, children in such foster families do not feel loved and understood. Knowing their roots and their biological family is also of great importance for the child. By understanding the situation and their own position, children form a relationship with their biological parents. Feelings of confusion and division make it difficult for children in a foster family to develop a sense of home and belonging, which is crucial for the development of children's healthy personality and positive attitude towards themselves and others. The quality of cooperation between the foster parent and the biological family is also influencing the child's experience of division. Good cooperation is based on genuine, human attitude and a positive attitude without accusations. Cooperation is largely dependent on the encouragement and support of professional services, and is often based solely on individual project teams. However, it takes time to achieve quality cooperation between families. The results of the research also highlight some shortcomings of the foster care system in our country. The problems of long-term foster care, the fact that children’s needs often go unheard and the lack of work and cooperation with biological parents are emphasized. Research finding also offer suggestions provided for regulating and improving the situation of children in foster care and the entire field of foster care in Slovenia.
Secondary keywords: adopted child;posvojenec;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Socialna pedagogika
Pages: 93 str.
ID: 12063259