diplomsko delo
Andraž Matjaž (Author), Arne Mavčič (Mentor)

Abstract

Retroaktivnost se v zgodovini pojavlja že v času rimskega prava. Nato v srednjem veku zamre in se počasi obudi s francosko revolucijo, kjer je retroaktivnost posegla na kazensko pravo. Še kasneje, v letu 1804, se s francoskim civilnim zakonikom in v letu 1811 še z avstrijskim državnim zakonikom dodatno utrdi in sprejme kot eno izmed pomembnejših pravnih načel. Prepoved retroaktivnosti, ki je vsebovana v 155. členu Ustave, imenujemo prava retroaktivnost in gre za eno izmed glavnih konkretizacij načela pravne države iz 2. člena Ustave. Načela pravne države posameznikom zagotavljajo, da se te lahko zanašajo na veljavno pravo ter da jim zakoni ne bodo naknadno posegali v njihove pridobljene pravice. Skladnost zakonov z ustavnimi načeli zagotavlja zakonodajalec. Ta mora pri sprejemanju zakonov izrecno paziti in spoštovati prepoved retroaktivnost, predvsem v delu, kjer bi lahko za nazaj posegel v pridobljene pravice. Gre za najzahtevnejši in najbolj problematičen pogoj, ki mora biti spoštovan pri dopustnem retroaktivnem posegu. Drugi kumulativni pogoj, ki mora biti upoštevan, da lahko zakonska določba povratno učinkuje, je javni interes. Šele ko sta oba pogoja skupaj izpolnjena, lahko nastopi dopustna retroaktivnost. Glavno besedo pri vrednotenju pogojev in retroaktivnih posegov ima ustavno sodišče z njegovo presojo in ločenimi mnenji, ki pomembno usmerjajo zakonodajalca pri sprejemanju zakonov in njegovih določb.

Keywords

prepoved retroaktivnosti;155. člen Ustave;2. člen Ustave;javni interes;pridobljene pravice;načelo zaupanja v pravo;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: EVRO-PF - European Faculty of Law, Nova Gorica
Publisher: [A. Matjaž]
UDC: 340.132.3(043.2)
COBISS: 34028035 Link will open in a new window
Views: 69
Downloads: 10
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Other data

Secondary abstract: Retroactivity appears in history, as early as the time of Roman law. Then in period of Middle Ages, disappears and slowly revived with the French Revolution, where retroactivity enroached on criminal law. Later, in 1804 with French Civil Code and in 1811 with the Austrian State Code, it was further consolidated and accepted, as one of the most important legal principles. The prohibiton of retroactivity, which is contained in Article 155 of the Constitution, is called true retroactivity and it is one of the main concretizations of the principle, of the rule of law, from Article 2 in Constitution. The principles of the rule of law guarantees the individuals, that they can rely on the applicable law and that the laws will not subsequenctly enroached in their acquired rights. The conformity of laws with constitutional principles provides legislator. The legislator must at passing the laws, eplicitly observe and respect the prohibition of retroactivity, especially in the part, where it could retrospectively interfere in acquired rights. Acquired rights, are the most demanding and most problematic condition, that must be respected at admissible retroactive enroached. Second cumulative condition, that must be consider in order for statutory provision to have retroactive effect, is the public interest. Only, when both conditions fulfilled together, can permissible retroactivity occur. The main, word at evaluating conditions and retroactive enroaching has, a constitutinal court, with his judgment and separate opinions, which significantly guide the legislator at passing the laws and his provisions
Type (COBISS): Final reflection paper
Thesis comment: Evropska pravna fakulteta
Source comment: Triletni dodiplomski študijski program Pravo I. stopnje; Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 25. 10. 2020;
Pages: 49 str.
ID: 12208346