Varstvo narodnih manjšin v evropskem pravu

diplomsko delo

Luka Miladinović (Author), Ernest Petrič (Mentor)

Abstract

Manjšine so skupine ljudi, ki se od večinskega prebivalstva razlikujejo po svoji narodni, verski, kulturni ali kakšni drugi identiteti. Zaradi specifičnosti posameznih narodnih manjšin in različnih pogledov držav na njih še danes nimamo opredeljenega pojma narodnih manjšin. Ker so pripadniki manjšin nasproti večinskemu prebivalstvu navadno v šibkejšem položaju, so jim zagotovljene posebne manjšinske pravice. Z zgodovinsko metodo je bil preučen razvoj varstva narodnih manjšin. Opravljena je bila analiza mednarodnih dokumentov, ki dajejo pripadnikom manjšin nekatere manjšinske pravice, s katerimi se skuša zagotoviti enakopravnost. Nov sistem varstva narodnih manjšin v Evropi se je razvil znotraj Sveta Evrope, Organizacije za varnost in sodelovanje v Evropi in tudi Evropske unije v manjši meri. Zanimalo nas je, ali se obseg varstva narodnih manjšin v mednarodnih dokumentih veča. Še vedno je položaj manjšin odvisen predvsem od držav, v katerih živijo. Norme, ki zagotavljajo pravice narodnim manjšinam, so še vedno zelo ohlapne. Državam omogočajo veliko svobode pri interpretaciji. Predvsem ni norm, ki bi države zavezovale za aktivno ravnanje v smislu zagotavljanja pravic. Mehanizmi mednarodnih organizacij nimajo take moči, da bi dosledno zagotavljali nadzor nad izvajanjem določb. Države so na razpotju med zagotavljanjem strpnosti in raznolikosti ali pa vračanjem v zgodovino.

Keywords

narodne manjšine;manjšinsko varstvo;človekove pravice;diskriminacija;Svet Evrope;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	EVRO-PF - European Faculty of Law, Nova Gorica
Publisher:	[L. Miladinović]
UDC:	341:323.15(043.2)
COBISS:	44425731
Views:	4
Downloads:	2
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	Minorities are groups of people who differ from the majority population based on their ethnicity, culture, language, race, religion, or other characteristics. Due to the reason that every minority is specific and because countries have different views on minority questions, the universal definition of minority has never been adopted. Minorities are almost always in an inferior position to the majority. They are a subject of specific minority rights. The development of minority protection in international law was examined through the historical method. Furthermore, we carried out an analysis of all of the important regional documents which give special rights to minority groups. These documents guarantee equality to the members of minority groups. The new regime of minority rights protection in Europe developed through regional organizations. The most important ones were the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security in Europe. The European Union was rather passive in the field of minority protection. In the thesis, we tried to answer the question of whether minority protection is expending in international agreements. Although there is an existing international regime of minority protection, countries still determine the status of their minorities. International laws are very imprecise and loose when it comes to minority rights. This gives countries a lot of space for free interpretation. There is also a lack of norms that would put a responsibility to act when providing rights to minority members. International organizations supervise the implementation of minority rights through their mechanisms. However, these mechanisms are relatively limited in their power. It seems that countries found themselves on a crossroads. They can either choose the path of tolerance or go back to old historic ways which ended badly.
Type (COBISS):	Final reflection paper
Thesis comment:	Fak. za državne in evropske študije / Evropska pravna fak.
Source comment:	Dipl. delo 1. stopnje bolonjskega študija; Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 27. 12. 2020;
Pages:	VII, 48 str.
ID:	12349009