magistrsko delo
Žan Mekina (Author), Igor Štirn (Reviewer), Vedran Hadžić (Consultant), Aleš Dolenec (Mentor)

Abstract

Tendinopatije so degenerativne spremembe tetive in so eden glavnih problemov na področju poškodb pri telesni aktivnosti. Patelarna tendinopatija se najpogosteje pojavlja pri športih, ki vključujejo veliko število skokov. Za izboljšanje stanja pri patelarni tendinopatiji se priporoča izvajanje ekscentrične vadbe v območju blage bolečine. Pretekle študije so pokazale, da je izvajanje ekscentričnih počepov na naklonini 25 stopinj bolj učinkovito za zmanjšanje bolečine in izboljšanje stanja v primerjavi z izvajanjem počepov na ravni podlagi. Namen magistrskega dela je bil primerjati električno aktivnost sprednjih stegenskih in mečnih mišic med ekscentričnim delom enonožnega počepa na ravni podlagi in na naklonini 25 stopinj. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 28 preizkušancev, ki so bili vsi redno telesno aktivni in nepoškodovani. Primerjali smo površinski EMG signal lateralne široke mišice, medialne široke mišice, preme mišice, medialne glave dvoglave mečne mišice in velike mečne mišice. EMG signal smo normalizirali glede na amplitudo EMG signala pri največji izometrični kontrakciji. Za primerjavo smo uporabili povprečno vrednost normaliziranega EMG signala med kotoma v kolenu 60 in 70 stopinj. Za primerjavo normaliziranega EMG signala med obema različicama počepa smo uporabili Wilcoxonov test, stopnja tveganja je bila določena na 5%. Ugotovili smo, da je električna aktivnost lateralne široke mišice, medialne široke mišice, preme mišice in medialne glave dvoglave mečne mišice pri počepu na naklonini statistično značilno večja v primerjavi s počepom na ravni podlagi, medtem ko v aktivnosti velike mečne mišice ni razlik. Večja aktivnost sprednjih stegenskih mišic bi bila lahko eden izmed dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na povečanje sile, ki deluje na patelarno tetivo, in s tem na večjo učinkovitost vadbe na naklonini pri patelarni tendinopatiji.

Keywords

šport;anatomija kolenskega sklepa;anatomija gležnja;zgradba mišice;delovanje mišice;elektromiografija;enonožni počep;mišična aktivnost;ekscentrično mišično naprezanje;patelarna tendinopatija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FŠ - Faculty of Sport
Publisher: [Ž. Mekina]
UDC: 796.01
COBISS: 57451779 Link will open in a new window
Views: 405
Downloads: 101
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Comparison of Electric Activity of Muscles During Eccentric Contraction in Standard and Decline Single-Leg Squats
Secondary abstract: Tendinopathy is a major medical problem associated with sports and physical activity. It is an overuse injury where degenerative changes are present inside the tendon. The prevalence of patellar tendinopathy is highest in sports that contain a high amount of jumping. Eccentric exercise into tendon pain is recommended for treatment of patellar tendinopathy. Previous studies had shown that the use of decline eccentric single-leg squats is more effective to reduce tendon pain and improve function than standard eccentric single-leg squats. The aim of this study was to compare the electric activity of muscles during eccentric contraction in a single-leg squat on a flat surface and on a 25-degree decline board. 28 physically active and uninjured subjects participated in the study. Surface EMG signal of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, medial head of the gastrocnemius and soleus was recorded. EMG signal was normalised on the amplitude of EMG signal in maximal voluntary isometric contraction. The average value of the normalised EMG signal between a 60-degree and a 70-degree knee flexion angle was compared. Wilcoxon test was used to compare normalised EMG signal values in both variations of the squat, the significance level was set at 5%. The results show that electric activity of vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris and medial head of the gastrocnemius is significantly higher in a decline squat compared to a standard squat. No difference was found in soleus activity. Higher activity of quadriceps muscle could be one of the factors for greater patellar tendon force and consequently a greater effect of a decline squat on function improvement and pain reduction following patellar tendinopathy.
Secondary keywords: sport;muscle activity;electromyography;single-leg squat;eccentric contraction;patellar tendinopathy;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za šport
Pages: 54 f.
ID: 12383599