genski inženiring za večjo učinkovitost procesa
Maja Košar (Author), Lidija Slemenik Perše (Mentor)

Abstract

Hitra industrializacija, večja kmetijska dejavnost, rudarstvo ter velike količine odpadkov povzročajo vse večjo onesnaženost tal z nerazgradljivimi polutanti, kot so težke kovine. Posledično je veliko zemljišč onesnaženih s kovinami, kar negativno vpliva na možnost uporabe takšne zemlje v kmetijstvu. Zato je potrebno te lokacije učinkovito dekontaminirati. Za dekontaminacijo se uporabljajo različni kemijski in fizikalno-kemijski postopki, v zadnjem času pa tudi biološki postopki, kot so fitoremediacije. Fitoremediacija je ena izmed oblik bioloških remediacijskih procesov, ki za obnovo okolja uporablja rastline, ki razgrajujejo, stabilizirajo ali akumulirajo polutante. Fitoremediacijski procesi so obetavni, cenovno in ekološko ugodni, vendar imajo nekaj omejitev – proces je počasen, v rastlinah lahko nastopi kovinski stres. Z genskim inženiringom se lahko rastlinske sposobnosti za prevzemanje, premeščanje in omejevanje strupenosti težkih kovin znatno povečajo. Za čim večji napredek pri procesu fitoremediacije je potrebno uporabiti kombinacijo s kemijskimi, biološkimi in genskimi inženirskimi orodji.

Keywords

anorganska onesnaževala;težke kovine;dekontaminacija;fitoremediacija;fitoremediacijski procesi;genski inženiring;transgene rastline;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher: [M. Košar]
UDC: 504.5:602.6(043.2)
COBISS: 48651267 Link will open in a new window
Views: 653
Downloads: 203
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals: improved effectiveness of process with genetic engineering
Secondary abstract: A rapid industrialization, increasing of agricultural activity, mining and large amounts of waste are causing higher soil contamination with non-degradable pollutants, such as heavy metals. As a result, large areas are contaminated with metals, which negatively affects the possibility of using such lands in agriculture. Therefore, these sites need to be effectively decontaminated. Chemical and physico – chemical processes are used for decontamination, and recently also biological processes, such as phytoremediation can be used. Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses plants to accumulate, stabilize or degrade pollutants to restore the environment. Phytoremediation processes are promising, cost-effective and eco-friendly with some limitations – as e.g. it is very slow process and metallic stress may occur in plants. Plant abilities to uptake, translocate and limit the toxicity of heavy metals may be significantly enhanced via genetic engineering. To maximize progress in the phytoremediation processes, a combination of chemical, biological and genetic engineering tools should be used.
Secondary keywords: inorganic pollutants;decontamination;transgenic plants;phytoremediation processes;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000372
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemijsko inženirstvo
Pages: 33 str.
ID: 12441007