magistrsko delo
Maja Klančič (Author), Anja Podlesek (Mentor)

Abstract

Kognitivni nadzor opredeljujemo kot večkomponentni konstrukt povezanih, a ločenih izvršilnih procesov - posodabljanja, inhibicije ter preklapljanja - ki uravnavajo k cilju usmerjeno vedenje v spreminjajočem okolju. Pri razvoju novih postopkov njihovega merjenja ter urjenja so osrednjega pomena motivacija udeležencev ter oblikovanje večkomponentnih nalog, ki slonijo na procesih posodabljanja informacij ter kognitivne fleksibilnosti. Želeli smo preizkusiti novo različico naloge, ki združuje zahtevi posodabljanja delovnega spomina (n nazaj) ter zadrževanja vedenjskega odziva (reagiraj/ne reagiraj), in preveriti, kako se kombinacija zahtev odseva v vedenjskih podatkih. Konkretno smo zahteve aplicirali v programu CCRacer 2.0, v katerem je znotraj simulacije vožnje avtomobila 52 udeležencev izvedlo pet igrificiranih vedenjskih preizkušenj ter podalo povratno informacijo o izvedbi. Rezultati so pokazali statistično značilno nižanje točnosti hkratne izvedbe zahtev v primerjavi z izvedbo ene naloge. V odzivanju na zahteve posodabljanja, tj. točnosti odzivanja ter reakcijskih časih, je prišlo do pomembnih učinkov tako višanja ravni zahtevnosti n nazaj ter dodajanja zahteve po inhibitornem nadzoru, kot tudi njune interakcije. Točnost izvedbe posamezne zahteve se je med pogoji statistično značilno povezovala, kar nakazuje, da tudi kombinirana različica vključuje podobne procese kot pogoji z zgolj eno zahtevo. Točnosti izvedbe obeh zahtev pa med seboj niso bile povezane. Različnost med zahtevama daje ustrezne možnosti ocenjevanja posameznih izvršilnih funkcij znotraj istega dražljajskega konteksta. Interakcija med zahtevami nakazuje na določeno mero skupnih procesov, ki se najverjetneje navezujejo na splošne mehanizme upravljanja kognitivnega nadzora. Udeleženci so uporabljene scenarije ocenili kot motivirajoče ter zanimive. Izboljšana različica naloge daje v prihodnje, z nadgradnjo in fleksibilnim prilagajanjem scenarijev, dobre možnosti učinkovitega ocenjevanja in raziskovanja kognitivnih procesov v raznolikih populacijah ter oblikovanja novih, večkomponentnih kognitivnih treningov.

Keywords

mere izvršilnih funkcij;večopravilnost;inhibicija;delovni spomin;kognitivni nadzor;magistrska dela;CC Racer;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FF - Faculty of Arts
Publisher: [M. Klančič]
UDC: 159.955.072(043.2)
COBISS: 73822467 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 110
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: The impact of distractors on working memory updating
Secondary abstract: Cognitive control is defined as a multicomponent construct of connected yet separable executive functions - working memory updating, inhibition and shifting - that regulate goal oriented behaviour in changing environments. In the development of new procedures for their assessment and training, participant motivation and development of multicomponent tasks based on processes of information updating and cognitive flexibility are of central importance. In the present study we wanted to test a new version of the n back task using a new serious game CCRacer 2.0. We combined demands of working memory updating (n back task) and inhibition of prepotent responses (go/no go task) in the same simulated driving scenario, and verified how they reflect in task performance. Fifty-two participants performed five gamified cognitive experimental tasks and provided feedback on the performance. The results show significant decrement in performance in the tasks where the demands were combined, as opposed to the tasks where participants had to perform single demands. Significant effects of increasing the n back level and adding demands of inhibitory control, as well as their interaction on working memory updating, i. e. performance accuracy and reaction times, were found. Measures of response accuracy of the same demand were significantly interrelated across all conditions, while measures of response accuracy of each demand were not, which indicates their diversity. The new version comprises the same processes as the single tasks and provides adequate possibilities for assessing different executive functions within the same stimulus context. Furthermore, the interaction between demands suggests a certain degree of shared processes, which are most likely related to the general processes of inhibitory control and control of attention as well as flexible allocation of cognitive resources, i. e. general cognitive control mechanisms. Participants rated the new serious game and scenarios as motivating and interesting. The improved version of the task provides good opportunities for research and efficient assessment of multiple cognitive functions in diverse populations with the potential future use in multicomponent cognitive training.
Secondary keywords: executive functioning measures;multitasking;inhibition;working memory;cognitive control;masters theses;Cognitive control racer;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za psihologijo
Pages: 69 str.
ID: 12628682