Secondary abstract: |
Introduction: Neck pain is the second most common musculoskeletal pain, experienced by about 67% of the population during their lifetime. When the duration of the neck pain in an individual is more than three months, in which no structural change or the presence of another illness can be determined, we speak of non-specific chronic pain. A strong correlation between chronic neck pain and impairment of the deep cervical muscles has been reported until now. That is why therapeutic exercises are highly recommended for the treatment of people with non-specific chronic neck pain. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was, based on a review of existing literature, to determine the effect of low load exercises on pain, neck mobility, and neck muscle performance in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. Methods: PubMed and PEDro databases have been reviewed. The following English keywords and phrases have been used: non-specific; chronic pain; neck pain; exercise; physical therapy or chronic neck pain; deep cervical muscle; exercises. Results: Seven studies, that met the inclusion criteria, were included in the review. The effects of low load exercises, which include deep cervical flexor training, isometric exercise in the neutral position of the spine, and isotonic dynamic exercise have been researched. In all studies, the pain was measured, and pain reduction was reported, regardless of the exercise program chosen. Neck range of motion, muscular endurance, and muscle strength of the neck muscles were measured in three studies. Neck mobility improved significantly in all exercise programs, with only one study showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Muscular endurance and muscle strength of the neck muscles improved in all three studies. A statistically significant difference between the groups was found for muscle strength in all three studies and for muscular endurance in one study. Discussion and conclusion: The results suggest that low resistance exercise is an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of persons with non-specific chronic neck pain, decreased neck mobility, and impaired muscle capacity. Low load exercises are comparable to other forms of exercise for reducing neck pain, improving neck mobility and muscle strength, and are more effective for improving the muscular endurance of the neck muscles. |