magistrsko delo
David Popič (Author), Renata Vauhnik (Reviewer), Alan Kacin (Mentor), Daša Weber (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Izokinetična dinamometrija je zanesljivo merilno orodje za oceno zmogljivosti mišic fleksorjev in ekstenzorjev kolena pri različnih vrstah kontrakcije in različnih hitrostih gibanja. Za ugotavljanje uravnoteženosti delovanja antagonističnih mišičnih skupin kolena se običajno izračunajo konvencionalna (ekscentrična in koncentrična) in funkcionalna razmerja njihovih največjih navorov (H:Q). Vendar le-ta niso konstantna, ampak se spreminjajo v odvisnosti od hitrost krčenja mišic, poleg tega naj bi nanje pomembno vplival tudi spol. Namen: Proučiti zmogljivost koncentričnih in ekscentričnih kontrakcij mišic fleksorjev in ekstenzorjev kolena pri zdravih mladih odraslih. Pri tem nas je zanimal zlasti vpliv spola in hitrosti mišične kontrakcije na konvencionalna ter funkcionalna razmerja obeh mišičnih skupin. Metode dela: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 31 zdravih mladih odraslih obeh spolov (starost: 20-31 let). Z računalniško vodenim izokinetičnim dinamometrom smo izmerili največje koncentrične in ekscentrične navore fleksorjev in ekstenzorjev kolena pri treh različnih kotnih hitrostih gibanja sklepa (60°/s, 180°/s, 240°/s) in iz njih izračunali konvencionalna ter funkcionalna razmerja H:Q. Za statistično analizo sta bila uporabljena parni t-test in faktorska ANOVA. Rezultati: Največji ekscentrični navori obeh mišičnih skupin so bili statistično pomembno (p<0,01) večji pri vseh kotnih hitrostih za oba spola. Koncentrični navori so se manjšali obratno sorazmerno s kotno hitrostjo (p<0,001). Največji ekscentrični in koncentrični navori, normalizirani na telesno maso, so bili višji pri moških (p<0,05), medtem ko interakcija med spolom in kotno hitrostjo ni bila statistično pomembna. Med spoloma ni bilo statistično pomembne razlike v koncentričnih in funkcionalnih razmerjih H:Q, medtem ko so imele ženske manjša (p=0,020) ekscentrična razmerja H:Q kot moški. Interakcija med spolom in kotno hitrostjo ni pokazala statistično pomembnih razlik v razmerjih H:Q. Razprava in zaključek: Med spoloma obstajajo razlike v največjih navorih obeh mišičnih skupin kolena in njunih ekscentričnih razmerjih. Ostala razmerja H:Q se v proučevanem območju hitrosti krčenja mišic med spoloma ne razlikujejo. V prihodnje bi bilo smiselno meritve izvesti še pri kotnih hitrostih >240°/s in izračunati tudi kotno-specifična razmerja H:Q.

Keywords

magistrska dela;fizioterapija;razmerja H:Q;koncentrična in ekscentrična kontrakcija;mišice kolena;zdravi mladi odrasli;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [D. Popič]
UDC: 615.8
COBISS: 74340611 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 158
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Comparison of isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torques and their ratios of knee muscle groups in healthy young adults
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Isokinetic dynamometry is a reliable measuring method for evaluating peak torques of the knee flexor and extensor muscles across various types of contraction and velocities of movement. To assess balance of antagonistic muscle groups of the knee, the conventional (concentric and eccentric) and functional ratios of their maximum torques (H:Q) are usually calculated. However, the H:Q are not constant values, since change is depending on the velocity of muscle contraction, they are presumably also influenced by gender. Purpose: To study the performance of knee flexor and extensor muscles during concentric and eccentric contractions in healthy young adults. We were particularly interested in the influence of gender and muscle contraction velocity on conventional and functional H:Q ratios. Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 31 healthy young adults of both genders (age: 20-31 years). A computer-driven isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure the maximum concentric and eccentric peak torques of the knee flexors and extensors at three different angular velocities (60°/s, 180°/s, 240°/s), and to calculate conventional and functional H:Q ratios. Paired t-test and factorial ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results: The eccentric peak torques were statistically significantly (p<0,01) higher at all angular velocities regardless of gender. The concentric peak torques of both muscle groups decreased inversely with angular velocity (p < 0,001). Eccentric and concentric peak torques normalized to body mass were higher in men (p<0,05), while the interaction between gender and angular velocity was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between genders in concentric and functional H:Q ratios, whereas women had lower (p=0,020) eccentric peak torque H:Q ratios than men. The interaction between gender and joint angular velocity was not statistically significant for any of the H:Q ratios. Discussion and conclusion: There are some differences between genders in peak torques of both knee muscle groups and their eccentric H:Q ratios. Other H:Q ratios do not differ between genders in the studied range of muscle contraction rates. We recommend expanding the range of contraction velocities to >240°/s and calculate H:Q ratios depending on joint position in future research.
Secondary keywords: master's theses;physiotherapy;H:Q ratios;concentric and eccentric contraction;knee muscles;healthy young adults;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za fizioterapijo
Pages: 34 str., [5] str. pril.
ID: 13285870