S stresom povezani epigenetski mehanizmi v hipokampusu

diplomsko delo

Katarina Minatti (Author), Gordana Glavan (Mentor)

Abstract

Izpostavljenost stresnim dejavnikom ima vrsto psiho- in fizioloških posledic, med drugim pa izzove tudi delovanje epigenetskih mehanizmov (modifikacije histonov, metilacija baz DNA in delovanje mikro RNA). Ti ne spreminjajo nukleotidnega zaporedja v DNA, pač pa z različnimi mehanizmi pomembno vplivajo na raven izražanja tarčnih genov. Možgansko področje, ki je na njihovo delovanje še posebej občutljivo, je hipokampus. Epigenetski mehanizmi namreč spreminjajo raven izražanja tamkajšnjih glukokortikoidnih receptorjev (GR), kar lahko poviša tveganje za razvoj anksioznih in depresivnih vedenjskih vzorcev, zmanjšanje volumna hipokampusa in slabšo povezavo med njegovimi področji. Stres lahko sproži tudi epigenetske mehanizme, ki zavirajo izražanje nevrotrofičnega dejavnika možganskega izvora (BDNF), s čimer se izničijo njegovi pozitivni učinki na rast in razvoj celic v hipokampusu. Ker so s stresom povezane duševne bolezni vse bolj razširjene, lahko študije epigenetskih mehanizmov v hipokampusu privedejo do številnih novih ugotovitev, med katerimi so najbolj obetajoče predvsem tiste s področja razvoja epigenetskih zdravil.

Keywords

epigenetika;stres;glukokortikoidni receptorji;hipokampus;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2021
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[K. Minatti]
UDC:	601.4:577.21:606:61:159.944.4(043.2)
COBISS:	75358211
Views:	249
Downloads:	23
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Stress-related epigenetic mechanisms in the hippocampus
Secondary abstract:	Exposure to stress has a number of psycho- and physiological consequences, including the activation of epigenetic mechanisms (histone modifications, methylation of DNA bases and the action of micro RNA). They do not alter the nucleotide sequence in DNA, but rather affect the level of expression of target genes. Brain area that is particularly affected is the hippocampus. In the hippocampus, the epigenetic mechanisms alter the level of expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GR), which may increase the risk for developing anxious and depressive-like behaviour, decrease hippocampal volume and the connections between its sub-regions. Stress can also trigger epigenetic mechanisms that decrease the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thereby diminishing its positive effects on cell growth and hippocampal development. As stress-related mental illnesses are becoming more prevalent, research of epigenetic mechanisms in the hippocampus may lead to many promising findings, especially those in the field of epigenetic drug development.
Secondary keywords:	epigenetics;stress;glucocorticoid receptors;hippocampus;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages:	VIII, 22 str.
ID:	13292549