diplomsko delo
Anamarija Maček (Author), Karin Šparovec (Author), Mojca Medič (Reviewer), Damijan Škrk (Mentor), Nejc Mekiš (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Pri rentgenskem slikanju se uporablja ionizirajoče sevanje, ki ima lahko škodljive učinke na zdravje osebe, ki je bila sevanju izpostavljena. Da se izpostavljenost v določeni meri zmanjša, ima že sam rentgenski aparat vgrajene komponente, ki vsaka na svoj način vpliva na zmanjšanje omenjene doze za pacienta. Namen: Želeli smo raziskati vpliv, ki ga imata dodatna filtracija in anodna napetost na DAP, efektivno dozo in na dozo za organe. Metode dela: Izvedli smo slikanje ledvene hrbtenice v AP in stranski projekciji samo z lastno filtracijo rentgenske cevi in dodanimi filtri iz bakra različnih debelin ter merili produkt doze in površine slikovnega polja (DAP). Izračunali smo še efektivno dozo in dozo na organe, kar smo izvedli s programom PCXMC 2.0, ki uporablja Monte Carlo simulacijo. Namen tega dela diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti, ali obstajajo kakšna odstopanja med DAP-om in efektivno dozo ter dozo na organe. Rezultati: Pri podatkih za HVL smo ugotovili, da se le-ta poveča, ko se poveča tudi debelina filtracije. Na podlagi pridobljenih podatkov smo ugotovili, da se ob povečanju napetosti, poveča tudi DAP. Razbrali smo tudi, da se ob povečanju debeline bakrene filtracije, DAP zmanjša, vendar se kljub temu prispevek k efektivni dozi in doza na organe poveča. Doza na organe se je največ povišala pri debelem črevesju v obeh projekcijah, pri jajčnikih v AP projekciji in pri modih v stranski projekciji. Doza se je največ povišala tudi pri timusu v obeh projekcijah, vendar pa timus prejme zelo malo doze, zato tak porast ni problematičen. Edini organ, pri katerem se je doza nižala pa je koža v obeh projekcijah. Pri računanju prispevkov k efektivni dozi smo ugotovili, da največ prispeva izpostavljenost želodca, debelega črevesja, mehurja in spolnih žlez v AP projekciji. V stranski projekciji pa največ k efektivni dozi prispevajo izpostavljenost želodca, debelega črevesja, kostnega mozga, ter spolnih žlez. Razprava in zaključek: Dokazali smo, da se ob večanju debeline dodatne filtracije, DAP zmanjšuje, doza na organe in efektivna doza pa se ob tem povečujeta. Glede na pridobljene podatke meritev z diplomskim delom, bi predlagali, da se dodatna filtracija uporablja z dodatnim premislekom in utemeljitvijo, kot se sedaj, z ozirom na dozo, ki jo prejme pacient.

Keywords

diplomska dela;radiološka tehnologija;filtracija;anodna napetost;HVL;DAP;efektivna doza;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [A. Maček
UDC: 616-07
COBISS: 76202755 Link will open in a new window
Views: 435
Downloads: 134
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Effect of added filtration and tube voltage on patient dose in lumbar spine radiography
Secondary abstract: Introduction: In X-ray diagnostic we use ionising radiation which can have harmful effects on the person’s health who was exposed to the radiation. For the exposure to be reduced to a certain degree, the X-ray machine alone already has built-in components, that reduce the dose for the patient in its own way. Purpose: We wanted to research the effect of the added filtration and tube voltage on DAP, the effective dose and the dose for the organs that the patient receives. Methods: We x-rayed the lumbar spine in AP and lateral projection. At first, we did the acquisition with just the inherent tube filtration and then the copper filters of different thickness where added. We measured the dose area product (DAP). At last, we calculated the effective dose and the dose of the organs which we did with the PCXMC 2.0 programme, that uses the Monte Carlo simulation. The purpose of this part of the diploma work was to test if any deviation is present between DAP, the effective dose and the dose that the organs receive. Results: With the information from the HVL measurements we acknowledged that when the filtration is added, the HVL increases. Based on the data that we acquired we found out that when the tube voltage is raised, DAP also raises. We discovered that when we increased the copper filtration, DAP decreases. From the data we noticed that when the thickness of filtration is added the effective dose and the dose on the organs increases. When the information from the doses for the organs was processed, we found out that the dose increased the most for the colon in both projections, the ovaries in the AP projection, the testicles in the lateral projection, and the thymus in both projections but the thymus receives a small amount of the dose, so the high increase isn’t problematic. The only organ where the dose decreased was the skin in both projections. While we calculated the contribution of the organs to the effective dose, we discovered, that most of the dose contributes the stomach, colon, urinary bladder and the gonads in the AP projection. In the lateral projection the most of the effective dose contributes the stomach, colon, bone marrow and the gonads. Discussion and conclusion: It was proven that when the thickness of the added filtration is increased DAP decreases, but the dose on the organs actually increases. Based on the acquired data with this diploma work we recommend the use of added filtration with even greater consideration and substantiate than it is at the moment, with the regard on the dose that the patient receives.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;radiologic technology;filtration;tube voltage;HVL;DAP;effective dose;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo
Pages: 50 str.
ID: 13386202