diplomsko delo
Lara Ježovnik (Author), Aleš Kuhar (Reviewer), Tanja Pajk Žontar (Mentor)

Abstract

Dopolnilno prehrano naj bi, glede na mednarodna in nacionalna prehranska priporočila, dojenčkom uvedli pri šestih mesecih starosti, saj takrat izključno dojenje ne zadostuje več za pokritje njihovih prehranskih potreb in posledično za optimalno rast in razvoj. Pri šestih mesecih starosti je bilo v letu 2018 na svetu izključno dojenih 40 % dojenčkov in le 5,5 % dojenčkov v Sloveniji. Leta 1981 je Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija (SZO) izdala Mednarodni kodeks o trženju nadomestkov materinega mleka, s katerim si prizadeva za zaščito dojenja in spodbuja matere k dojenju in ozavešča o neprimernem trženju nadomestkov materinega mleka. V zadnjih letih je na trgu vedno več t. i. predpakiranih dopolnilnih živil za dojenčke in otroke (PDŽDO), ki jih oglašujejo kot primerne za uvajanje dojenčkom pred šestim mesecem starosti. Trg PDŽDO je razširjen po celem svetu, njihova kakovost pa ni dovolj dobro preučena. Malo je znanega o njihovi hranilni vrednosti, predvsem vsebnosti skupnih sladkorjev, soli in maščob. Proizvajalci PDŽDO širijo prodajo svojih izdelkov tako, da uporabljajo zdravstvene in prehranske trditve na teh izdelkih, kar lahko spodbudi občutek večvrednosti PDŽDO v primerjavi z doma pripravljeno dopolnilno hrano. Neustrezne prehranske navade pri dojenčkih in otrocih do 36. meseca starosti povečujejo tveganje za nastanek čezmerne hranjenosti in debelosti v otroštvu ter nenalezljivih kroničnih bolezni v odrasli dobi. SZO s svojimi smernicami poziva vse proizvajalce in tržnike PDŽDO k prenehanju neprimernega trženja.

Keywords

prehrana otrok;dojenčki;otroci;dopolnilna hrana;dojenje;prehranska priporočila;smernice;trženje;nadomestki materinega mleka;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [L. Ježovnik]
UDC: 613.2-053.3:613.953.1
COBISS: 77585923 Link will open in a new window
Views: 321
Downloads: 89
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Recommendations of World Health Organization for foods for infants and young children
Secondary abstract: Based on international and national guidelines, complementary foods should be introduced at six months of age. At this age, breastfeeding alone is no longer sufficient, because infant's needs for energy and nutrients start to exceed. In 2018, globally 40 % of infants under six months were exclusively breastfed. In Slovenia, however the percentage of exclusively breastfed infants under six months was only 5,5 %. In 1981 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes, which seeks to protect breastfeeding and encourage mothers to breastfeed and raise awarness about inappropriate marketing of breast-milk substitutes. In recent years there were more and more so-called commercially available complementary foods (CACFs) that are advertised as suitable for infants under six months of age. CACFs are available throughout the world, but their quality can be sometimes questionable. There is not enough information about the nutritional composition of CACFs, especially composition of total sugars, salt and fats. Food producers use health and nutritional claims for promotion of CACFs which could imply that CACFs are nutritionally superior to home-prepared complementary foods. Inaproppriate dietary habits at young ages persist into later years and can increase the risk of childhood obesity and chronic diseases. WHO calls upon all food producers and marketing professionals to stop the inappropriate promotion of foods for infants and young children.
Secondary keywords: children nutrition;infants;young children;complementary foods;breastfeeding;nutritional recommendations;guidelines;marketing;breast-milk substitutes;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo
Pages: ViI, 23 f., [5] f. pril.
ID: 13522527