primerjava Slovenije in Hrvaške
Tilen Hojč (Author), Tina Sever (Mentor)

Abstract

Cilj javnih naročil je pravočasna ter stroškovno učinkovita dodelitev naročil usposobljenim izvajalcem, dobaviteljem in ponudnikom storitev za proces dobave blaga, storitev in gradenj, ki nudijo podporo državnim in lokalnim oblastem ter dejavnostim javnih služb. Če pri izvedbi naročil blaga, gradenj ali storitev upoštevamo še njihov vpliv na okolje, pridemo do pojma zelenih javnih naročil, pri katerih gre za prizadevanje za proizvodnjo in nakup blaga, storitev in del z zmanjšanim vplivom na okolje skozi celoten življenjski cikel v primerjavi z blagom, storitvami in deli z isto osnovno funkcijo, ki bi jih prvotno nabavili državni organi. Primerjavo urejenosti pravne ureditve ključnih štirih sektorjev zelenega javnega naročanja (stavb, živil in gostinskih storitev, vozil za cestni prevoz in izdelkov, ki rabijo energijo) sem si izbral iz več razlogov. Prvi razlog se skriva v splošnem pomanjkanju ustrezne literature na omenjenem področju na sploh. Drugi poglavitnejši razlog pa se skriva v želji po podrobnejši analizi slovenskega akcijskega načrta ter pravnega okvirja za vse štiri poprej omenjene sektorje ter primerjavi slovenskih pravno-strateških dokumentov s hrvaškimi. Javna naročila predstavljajo pomemben del državnega proračuna številnih držav članic Evropske unije. Skrb za okolje pa enega izmed ključnih stebrov nadaljnjega razvoja Evropske unije. Ob upoštevanju vsega naštetega sem s pisanjem tega dela želel podrobneje preveriti, kako natančna in dosledna je bila Slovenija pri oblikovanju meril za vse štiri ključne sektorje zelenega javnega naročanja ter kako se je Slovenija odrezala v prmerjavi z našo južno sosedo. Rezultati so pokazali, da je v Sloveniji v obdobju med letoma 2015 in 2019 prisoten naraščujoči trend na področju zelenega javnega naročanja. Prav tako rezultati pričajo o dejstvu, da ima Slovenija v primerjavi s Hrvaško izredno dobro izoblikovan akcijski načrt za področje zelenega javnega naročanja, merila pa oblikovana ob upoštevanju vseh posebnosti predmetov naročanja. Poglavitna razlika med državama se pojavlja ravno ob upoštevanju dejstva, da je Slovenija pri oblikovanju lastnih meril upoštevala posebnosti predmetov naročanja, kakor tudi njihove značilnosti, kar Hrvaški zaenkrat (še) ni uspelo. Hrvaška je v lastni nacionalni okvir za področje zelenega javnega naročanja zgolj implementirala evropska merila, ne da bi pri tem poskušala upoštevati posebnosti nacionalnih predmetov naročanja ter dobre in stare prakse iz preteklosti. Opravljena analiza je tako v veliki meri izpostavila pomanjkljivosti hrvaškega sistema, ki kot rečeno ni na ravni slovenskega, ravno zaradi neuspeha v procesu prilagajanja nacionalnih meril posebnostim predmetov naročanj.

Keywords

javno naročanje;zeleno javno naročanje;ključni sektorji zelenega javnega naročanja;kriteriji in okoljska merila;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FU - Faculty of Administration
Publisher: [T. Hojč]
UDC: 351:658.74:(4-6EU)(497.4)(497.5)
COBISS: 88317187 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 99
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Green public procurement in the EU through an analysis of selected areas
Secondary abstract: The objective of public procurement is to award contracts in a timely and cost-effective manner to qualified contractors, suppliers and service providers for the process of supplying goods, services and works that support national and local government and public service activities. When the environmental impact of the goods, works or services is taken into account in the procurement process, we arrive at the notion of green public procurement, which is an effort to produce and purchase goods, services and works with a reduced environmental impact throughout their life cycle compared to goods, services and works with the same basic function that the public authorities would have procured initially. I have chosen to compare the regulatory treatment of the four key sectors of green public procurement (buildings, food and catering, road transport vehicles and energy-using products) for a number of reasons. The first reason lies in the general lack of relevant literature in this field in general. The second and more important reason is the desire to analyse in more detail the Slovenian Action Plan and the legal framework for all four sectors mentioned above, and to compare Slovenian legal and strategic documents with Croatian ones. Public procurement represents an important part of the state budget of many EU Member States. Environmental care is one of the key pillars of the European Union's further development. Taking all of the above into account, through the writing of this thesis I wanted to examine in more detail how precise and consistent Slovenia has been in developing criteria for all four key sectors of green public procurement, and how Slovenia has fared in comparison with Croatia. The results show that there is a growing trend in green public procurement in Slovenia between 2015 and 2019. The results also testify to the fact that Slovenia has a very well-developed Green Public Procurement Action Plan compared to Croatia, with criteria designed taking into account all the specificities of the procurement subjects. The main difference between the two countries is that Slovenia has taken into account the specificities of the procurement objects as well as their characteristics when designing its own criteria, which Croatia has not (yet) managed to do. Croatia has merely implemented the European criteria in its own national framework for green public procurement without attempting to take into account the specificities of national procurement objects and good and old practices from the past. The analysis carried out has thus largely highlighted the shortcomings of the Croatian system, which, as stated, is not at the level of the Slovenian one, precisely because of the failure to adapt the national criteria to the specificities of the procurement subjects
Secondary keywords: public procurement;green public procurement;key sectors of green public procurement;criteria and environmental criteria;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000533
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za upravo
Pages: X, 108 str.
ID: 13943491