Boštjan Jakše (Author), Barbara Jakše (Author), Stanislav Pinter (Author), Borut Jug (Author), Uroš Godnov (Author), Jernej Pajek (Author), Nataša Fidler Mis (Author)

Abstract

An effective lifestyle strategy to reduce cardiovascular diseases risk (CVD) factors is needed. We examined the effects of a whole-food plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle program on dietary intake and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in 151 adults (mean 39.6 (SD 12.5) years). Adherence was categorised into short-, medium- and long-term (years: (0.5–<2), (2–<5) and (5–10)), for both genders separately. Dietary intakes were assessed, fasting blood lipids and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and % participants reaching guideline recommended targets for LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and BP in the primary CVD prevention was assessed. There were no statistically significant differences in intakes of energy and most nutrients among participants (both genders), that were short-, medium- and long term in our program. Diet was mainly composed of unprocessed vegetables/fruits, whole grains, legumes, potatoes, and nuts/seeds. LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic BP were within targets for: 93%, 97%, 88% and 95% participants, respectively. In females (vs. males), total- and HDL-cholesterol were higher (mean): 3.8 (SD 0.7) vs. 3.4 (SD 0.9), p = 0.002 and 1.5 (SD 0.3) vs. 1.1 (SD 0.2) mmol/L, p < 0.001), systolic BP was lower (113 (SD 11) vs. 120 (SD 10) mmHg, p = 0.001), while there was no difference in diastolic BP (71 (SD 9) vs. 72 (SD 8) mmHg, p = 0.143). More females vs. males reached target triglycerides (99% vs. 91%, p = 0.021) and systolic BP (92% vs. 79%, p = 0.046), while similar females and males reached target LDL-cholesterol (94% vs. 91%, p = 0.500) and diastolic BP (93% vs. 100%, p = 0.107). Participation in our WFPB lifestyle program is associated with favourable dietary intakes, safety markers, and CV risk factor profiles.

Keywords

nutrition;plant-based diet;vegan diet;lifestyle;cardiovascular health;blood lipids;blood pressure;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization: UL FŠ - Faculty of Sport
UDC: 613.2:611.1
COBISS: 5641649 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 2072-6643
Views: 244
Downloads: 80
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: prehrana;prehranjevanje;dietetika;vegetarijanska dieta;veganska dieta;življenjski stil;kardiovaskularni sistem;srčnožilni sistem;krvni pritisk;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: str. 1-27
Volume: ǂVol. ǂ12
Issue: ǂiss. ǂ1
Chronology: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/nu12010055
ID: 13990470