Zdravilni učinki naravnih ekstraktov iz zelišč

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Antonija Malec (Author), Mojca Škerget (Mentor), Maja Čolnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Zelišča se že od nekdaj uporabljajo v medicinske namene, saj predstavljajo pomemben vir spojin z antioksidativnim delovanjem, ki obranijo človeški organizem pred boleznimi, tesno povezanimi z oksidativnimi procesi v telesu. Pomanjkanje znanja o kemijski sestavi, bioloških učinkih in pravilni uporabi naravnih pripravkov lahko povzroči različne neželene stranske učinke, zato je potreba po teh informacijah velika. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil določiti biološke aktivnosti v ekstraktih iz treh različnih zelišč, in sicer žajblja, oljčnih listov in kamilice. Vzorce ekstraktov smo pridobili s pomočjo konvencionalne in Soxhlet ekstrakcije. Ekstrakcije smo izvajali pri različnih temperaturah (40 °C, 60 °C in 80 °C) in različnih razmerjih acetona in vode (čista voda, 50 % vodna raztopina acetona in čisti aceton). Najvišji izkoristek smo dosegli s konvencionalno ekstrakcijo pri ekstraktu kamilice (35,79 %), kjer smo kot topilo uporabili čisto vodo pri 60 °C. Vsebnost totalnih fenolov smo določili s Folin-Ciocalteu metodo. Najvišjo količino totalnih fenolov (34,11 mg GA/g materiala) smo ekstrahirali iz žajblja s pomočjo konvencionalne ekstrakcije z vodo pri 80 °C. Vsebnost celokupnih flavonoidov smo določili s kalorimetrično metodo z uporabo AlCl3 reagenta in ugotovili, da smo najvišjo količino ekstrahirali iz žajblja (13,50 mg QU/g materiala) s konvencionalno ekstrakcijo s 50 % vodno raztopino acetona pri 60 °C. Ekstrakti žajblja so pokazali najvišje antioksidativne aktivnosti, kjer smo najvišjo vrednost določili v ekstraktu žajblja, pridobljenem pri 40 °C s čistim acetonom (86,25 %). Maksimalno antiinflamatorno aktivnost smo določili v ekstraktu žajblja (17,50 %), pridobljenem pri 60 °C s čisto vodo, medtem ko smo najvišjo antihiperglikemično aktivnost določili pri ekstraktu kamilice (45,61 %), pridobljenemu s konvencionalno ekstrakcijo s čistim acetonom pri 40 °C. Ugotovili smo, da so bile konvencionalne ekstrakcije z vodo in 50 % vodno raztopino acetona za določanje antioksidativnih in bioloških aktivnosti proučevanih vzorcev primernejše od Soxhletovih ekstrakcij s čistim acetonom. Prav tako smo za vsako od zelišč dokazali, da so biološko aktivna in lahko imajo zdravilne učinke.

Keywords

ekstrakcija;oljčni listi;kamilica;žajbelj;bioaktivne komponente;polifenoli;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[A. Malec]
UDC:	66.061.3:633.88(043.2)
COBISS:	96979971
Views:	112
Downloads:	18
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Healing effects of natural herbal extracts
Secondary abstract:	Herbs have traditionally been used for medicinal purposes, as they are an important source of compounds with antioxidant activity that protect the human body from diseases closely related to oxidative processes. The lack of information about the chemical composition, biological effects and use of natural products can lead to unwanted side effects. The aim of this work is to determine the biological activities in the extracts of sage, olive tree leaves and chamomile. Samples were obtained using conventional and Soxhlet extraction. The extractions were performed at three different temperatures (40 °C, 60 °C and 80 °C) and acetone-water solutions with different concentrations (pure water, a 50 % solution of acetone in water and pure acetone). The highest yield was obtained with a conventional extraction of chamomile (35.79 %) in pure water at 60 °C. The concentration of total phenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The highest concentration of total phenols (34.11 mg GA/g material) was detected for conventional extraction of sage at 80 °C in water. The concentration of total flavonoids was determined using AlCl3 reagent. The maximum value was determined for the sage sample (13.50 mg QU/g material) prepared by the conventional extraction in a 50 % solution of acetone in water at 60 °C. Sage extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity, with the highest value obtained when extracted in pure acetone at 40 °C (86.25 %). The maximum anti-inflammatory activity was also determined for sage (17.50 %) extracted at 60 °C in pure water. The highest antihyperglymic activity was found for the chamomile extract (45.61 %) prepared by conventional extraction in pure acetone at 40 °C. It was found that the conventional extraction procedures using water and 50 % aqueous solution of acetone were more efficient than the Soxhlet extraction procedures with 100 % acetone when considering the antioxidant and biological activities. It can be concluded that all the studied herbs are biologically active and can have positive health benefits.
Secondary keywords:	extraction;olive tree leaves;chamomile;sage;bioactive compounds;polyphenols;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (54 f.))
ID:	14150465