Jernej Jorgačevski (Author), Robert Zorec (Author), Maja Potokar (Author)

Abstract

Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is the most abundant water channel in the central nervous system (CNS). Its expression is confined to non-neuronal glial cells, predominantly to astrocytes that represent a heterogeneous glial cell type in the CNS. The membrane of astrocyte processes, which align brain capillaries and pia, is particularly rich in AQP4. Several isoforms of AQP4 have been described; however, only some (AQP4a (M1), AQP4 c (M23), AQP4e, and AQP4ex) have been identified in the plasma membrane assemblies of astrocytes termed orthogonal arrays of particles (OAPs). Intracellular splicing isoforms (AQP4b, AQP4d, AQP4f, AQP4-[delta]4) have been documented, and most of them are postulated to have a role in the cell surface distribution of the plasma membrane isoforms and in the formation of OAPs in murine and human astrocytes. Although OAPs have been proposed to play various roles in the functioning of astrocytes and CNS tissue as a whole, many of these still need to be described. OAPs are studied primarily from the perspective of understanding water permeability regulation through the plasma membrane and of their involvement in cell adhesion and in the dynamics of astrocytic processes. This review describes the cellular distribution of various AQP4 isoforms and their implications in OAP assembly, which is regulated by several intracellular and extracellular proteins.

Keywords

aquaporin 4 (AQP4);astrocyte;brain edema;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
Organization: UL MF - Faculty of Medicine
UDC: 616-092
COBISS: 41327875 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 2073-4409
Views: 153
Downloads: 62
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: akvaporin 4 (AQP4);astrocit;edem možganov;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: str. 1-19
Volume: ǂVol. ǂ9
Issue: ǂiss. ǂ12, spec. iss.
Chronology: Dec. 2020
DOI: 10.3390/cells9122622
ID: 14435902