Trgovina z ljudmi in tihotapljenje migrantov v Evropi

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje

Katja Sušnik (Author), Gorazd Meško (Mentor)

Abstract

Trgovina z ljudmi in tihotapljene migrantov sta kriminalni dejavnosti s katerima se soočajo vse države po svetu. Za učinkovit boj proti tovrstnim kriminalnim dejavnostim je zato pomembno sodelovanje izvornih, tranzitnih in držav destinacije. Trgovina z ljudmi se sicer lahko dogaja znotraj ene države, tihotapljenje pa vedno zajema prečkanje državnih mej. Migracije v Evropo so imele velik porast leta 2015 v času begunske krize. Posledično se je povečalo tudi število tihotapljenih migrantov. Evropska unija je za preprečevanje tihotapljenja migrantov ustvarila različne ukrepe, načrte in organizacije, ki delujejo na tem področju. Tihotapci za svoje storitve, kot so transport do željene države in zagotavljanje ponarejenih dokumentov, zahtevajo visoke vsote denarja, ki so jih migranti pripravljeni plačati zaradi želje po boljšem življenju. Za to so pripravljeni tvegati tudi svoje življenje, saj so pogosto tihotapljeni v nevarnih pogojih. Pogosto so tihotapljeni natrpani v kombijih, kjer ni dovolj zraka ali pa prečkajo Sredozemsko morje vse od Severne Afrike do Italije na napihljivih čolnih, zato je na tej poti število smrtnih žrtev najvišje zaradi pogostih utopitev. Tihotapljenje migrantov v Evropo namreč poteka po različnih poteh, med tri glavne migracijske poti sodijo srednja, zahodna in vzhodna sredozemska pot. Tekom vseh poti so migranti pogosto deležni nasilja in so lahke tarče trgovine z ljudmi. Pomembno je, da se poleg kazenskega pregona tihotapcev zagotavlja varnost in zaščito migrantom.

Keywords

diplomske naloge;tihotapljenje migrantov;nezakonite migracije;trgovina z ljudmi;Evropa;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	[K. Sušnik]
UDC:	343.341(043.2)
COBISS:	98846211
Views:	187
Downloads:	55
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Trafficking in human beings and migrant smuggling in europe
Secondary abstract:	Human trafficking and migrant smuggling are two criminal activites that occur in every country in the world. It is very important that origin, transit and destination countries cooperate with each other, in order to be effective when facing the problem of those criminal activities. Human trafficking can happen inside one coutry only, while smuggling always involves crossing borders of different countries. In 2015, during refugee crisis, there was a big increase in migration flows to Europe. Consenquently, the number of smuggled migrants increased as well. European Union created different measures, plans and organizations to combat migrant smuggling. Smugglers set high prices for their services such as, providing of transportation to destination countries and providing forged documents. Migrants are willing to pay those high prices, hoping for a better life. They are also willing to risk their lives, because they are usually smuggled in dangerous conditions. Migrants are often smuggled in overcrowded vans, that are poorly ventilated or they are smuggled across the Mediterranean Sea all the way from North Africa to Italy in inflatable dinghies. The number of fatalities is the highest on this smuggling route, due to drownings. Migrant smuggling to Europe occurs on different routes, but the three main ones are central, eastern and western Mediterranean route. During smuggling process migrants are often victims of violence and are easy targets to become victims of human trafficking. Because of that it is important not only to prosecute smugglers, but to also protect and provide safety to migrants.
Secondary keywords:	migrant smuggling;irregular migration;human trafficking;Europe;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	V, 52 str.
ID:	14617787