magistrsko delo
Mariša Pirnat (Author), Tjaša Filipčič (Mentor)

Abstract

Gibanje je ena izmed osnovnih človekovih potreb. Pomembno vpliva na otrokov celostni razvoj, saj krepi tako telesno, kot duševno zdravje posameznika. Zaradi bogatega gorskega sveta je v Sloveniji ena izmed najbolj razširjenih gibalnih dejavnosti pohodništvo. Tako je pohodništvo tudi del obveznega učnega načrta za osnovno šolo. Program s prilagojenim izvajanjem in dodatno strokovno pomočjo omogoča v redne osnovne šole vključitev tudi učencev z gibalno oviranostjo. Da so pri tem uspešni, so potrebne številne prilagoditve, ki so odvisne od stopnje in vrste oviranosti. Še posebej se njihova oviranost kaže pri predmetu šport, saj je gibalni primanjkljaj njihova primarna težava. Pohodništvo se v šoli realizira na športnih dneh. Športni dan pa je obvezen za vse učence. Lahko je zabaven in sproščujoč prav za vse, če ga le znamo ustrezno prilagoditi in zanj učence motivirati. Z magistrskim delom smo želeli dobiti vpogled v to, kako različni učitelji na izbranih osnovnih šolah po Sloveniji prilagajajo športne dni pohodništva, ko je v skupini učenec z gibalno oviranostjo. Opravili smo intervjuje s štirimi strokovnimi delavci, znotraj katerih smo raziskali proces načrtovanja in izpeljave športnih dni pohodništva, težav in izzivov, s katerimi se soočajo strokovni delavci. Intervju smo opravili tudi z dvema učencema z gibalno oviranostjo, da bi dobili vpogled v njuno doživljanje ter njune želje na pohodu. Ugotovili smo, da so na vseh štirih šolah strokovni delavci gibalno oviranega učenca vključili v športni dan pohodništva. Vsi na pohod vzamejo spremljevalca ter prilagodijo čas pohoda, kjer se upošteva, da bo gibalno oviran učenec za traso porabil več časa. Ponekod je prilagoditev ta, da je gibalno ovirano učenko na vrhu poti pričakal avto, ki ji je nudil prevoz nazaj do šole. Glavna razlika pri načrtovanju pohoda, ko je vanj vključen učenec z gibalno oviranostjo, je ta, da načrtujejo več časa za določeno pot in priskrbijo osebo, ki bo gibalno oviranega učenca spremljala na pohodu. Strahovi in izzivi strokovnih delavcev pri vključevanju učenca z gibalno oviranostjo na pohod so različni: izbira primerne poti, saj le ta posledično vpliva na to, kako bo gibalno oviran učenec sledil skupini, varnost učencev in časovna primernost poti glede na njihovo gibalno sposobnost, ter ravnovesje med učenčevimi zmožnostmi, užitkom ter željami. Ugotovili smo tudi, da je doživljanje pohodništva učencev z gibalno oviranostjo različno. Noben izmed njiju se pohoda pretirani ne veseli. Učencu, ki hodi samostojno, se pohod zdi zelo naporen, zato predlaga lažjo, bolj ravninsko pot, učenki, ki za gibanje uporablja invalidski voziček, pa pohod ne predstavlja fizičnega napora in si zelo želi vključenosti. Najbolj se na pohodu veselita druženja s prijatelji.

Keywords

športni dnevi;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [M. Pirnat]
UDC: 376:796(043.2)
COBISS: 98936323 Link will open in a new window
Views: 98
Downloads: 9
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Adaptations around hiking trips for physically challenged primary school students
Secondary abstract: Movement is one of the basic human needs. It significantly affects the child's overall development, as it strengthens both the physical and mental health of the individual. Due to the rich mountain world, hiking is one of the most widespread physical activities in Slovenia. Thus, hiking is also a part of the compulsory curriculum for primary school. The program with adapted implementation and additional professional assistance enables the inclusion of physically challenged students in regular primary schools. To be successful in this, a number of adjustments are required, depending on the degree and type of disability. In particular, their disability is reflected in the subject of sport, as movement deficits are their primary problem. In school, hiking is realized through sports days, which are mandatory for all students. It can be fun and relaxing for everyone, as long as we know how to adapt it properly and motivate students for it. With the master's thesis, we wanted to get an insight into how different teachers at selected primary schools in Slovenia adapt sports hiking days, when there is a physically challenged student in the group. We conducted interviews with four teachers, within which we explored the process of planning and conducting sports hiking days, together with the problems and the challenges teachers are faced with when doing so. We also conducted an interview with two physically challenged students to gain insight into their experience and their desires on the hike. We found out that in all four schools, teachers include a physically challenged student in a sports hiking day. Everyone takes a companion for the student on the hike and adjusts the time of the hike, taking into account that a physically challenged student will spend more time on the route. In some places, the adjustment is that a physically challenged student was met at the top of the road by a car that provided her with transport back to school. The main difference in planning a hike, when a student with a disability is involved, is that they plan more time for a particular route and provide a person to accompany the disabled student on the hike. The fears and challenges of teachers in involving a physically challenged student in a hike are different: the choice of a suitable route, as it consequently affects how a physically challenged student will follow the group, the safety of students and the timeliness of the route based on students’ abilities, pleasure and desires. We also found out that physically challenged students’ experiences of hiking are different. Neither of them is overjoyed by the hike. For a student who walks independently, the hike seems very strenuous, so he suggests an easier, more gently sloping path, while for a student who uses a wheelchair, the hike does not present physical effort, that’s why she wants to be included. When they go on a hike, they are looking forward to hanging out with their friends the most.
Secondary keywords: Gibalno ovirane osebe;Pohodništvo;Osnovnošolsko učenje in poučevanje;Športi za otroke s posebnimi potrebami;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Oddelek za specialno in rehabilitacijsko pedagogiko, Posebne razvojne in učne težave
Pages: 68 str.
ID: 14640995