Uporaba procesa osmoze za koncentriranje kisle sirotke

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Tomaž Gabrovec (Author), Irena Petrinić (Mentor), Marjana Simonič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Kisla sirotka, kot stranski produkt mlekarske industrije, ne predstavlja samo vse večjega okoljskega problema, ampak je tudi potencialno pomemben vir različnih nutrientov. Namen tega diplomskega dela je bil proučiti uporabnost procesa osmoze za koncentriranje kisle sirotke, proizvedene na območju Slovenije. Kot polprepustno membrano pri delu smo uporabili votlo-vlaknasto biomimetično akvaporinsko membrano, z vgrajenimi molekulami proteina akvaporina v njeno notranjo strukturo. Prav tako je bila testirana uporabnost 1 M natrijevega klorida, 1 M kuhinjske soli, morske vode ter 1,36 M amonijevega hidrogenkarbonata kot gonilne raztopine. Uspešnost procesa koncentriranja je bila spremljana z meritvami fluksa vode, osmotskega tlaka, povratnega fluksa topljenca ter vsebnosti beljakovine laktoferina v vhodni raztopini. Med testiranimi gonilnimi raztopinami je najslabše lastnosti izkazala raztopina 1,36 M amonijevega hidrogenkarbonata. Po drugi strani pa, pri uporabi 1 M natrijevega klorida in 1 molarne kuhinjske soli kot gonilnih raztopin, ni bilo opaziti razlik v izrabi procesa niti v delovanju same membrane. Pri poskusih z morsko vodo smo dobili nekoliko slabše rezultate v primerjavi z natrijevim kloridom in kuhinjsko soljo kot gonilno raztopino in je lahko z ekonomskega vidika dobra alternativa za uporabo v procesu osmoze, glede na njeno razširjenost po svetu. Da bi izkoristili potencial akvaporinske membrane v procesu osmoze, je bilo potrebno po vsaki filtraciji očistiti njeno površino. V naši raziskavi je bilo ustrezno čiščenje doseženo le z uporabo deionizirane vode. Rezultati te študije so pokazali, da se proces osmoze lahko uporabi za obdelavo oziroma koncentriranje stranskih produktov mlekarske industrije (predvsem kisle sirotke), z namenom pridobitve novih izdelkov z dodano tržno vrednostjo.

Keywords

osmoza;votlo-vlaknaste membrane;gonilna raztopina;sirotkine beljakovine;laktoferin;tekočinska kromatografija visoke ločljivosti;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[T. Gabrovec]
UDC:	66.081.6:637.142.2(043.2)
COBISS:	102918659
Views:	35
Downloads:	1
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Application of the osmosis process for acid whey concentrating
Secondary abstract:	Acid whey, a by-product of the dairy industry, is it not only a growing environmental problem but is also a potentially important source of several nutrients. The main objective of this work was to investigate the applicability of forward osmosis in the concentration of acid whey produced in Slovenia. A biomimetic aquaporin hollow fibre membrane with aquaporin protein molecules embedded in its internal structure was used as a semipermeable membrane. In addition, the applicability of 1 M sodium chloride, 1 M table salt, seawater, and 1.36 M ammonium hydrogen carbonate as a draw solutions was tested. The effectiveness of the concentration process is monitored by measurements of water flow, osmotic pressure, electrical conductivity, and lactoferrin protein content in the feed solution. Among the draw solutions tested, a solution containing 1.36 M ammonium hydrogen carbonate showed the poorest performance. In contrast, when 1 M sodium chloride and 1 M table salt were used as draw solutions, no differences were observed in the utilisation of the FO process or in the function of the membrane itself. Although seawater performed slightly worse compared to the results obtained with sodium chloride and table salt as a draw solutions, it could be an economically viable alternative for use in FO given its worldwide distribution. To realise the full potential of the aquaporin membrane, its surface must be cleaned. In our study paricular study, adequate cleaning was achieved by applying only a ultrapure water.The results of this study have shown that the FO process can be used to process or concentrate dairy industry by-products (especially acid whey) to obtain new products with additional market value.
Secondary keywords:	forward osmosis;hollow fibre membrane;draw solution;whey proteins;lactoferrin;high performace liquid chromatography;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XII, 51 f.))
ID:	14730550