magistrska naloga
Roman Šiler (Author), Gregor Omejec (Reviewer), Friderika Kresal (Mentor)

Abstract

Število srčnožilnih bolezni strmo narašča, saj po ocenah vsako leto umre 12 milijonov ljudi, predvsem v državah v razvoju. Zaradi naraščajočega bremena teh bolezni postaja koronarna srčna bolezen glavni vzrok srčnih operacij po vsem svetu. Raziskave o koristih vadbe za zdravje srca in ožilja ter presnovo so obsežne in preverljivo dokumentirane. Vendar takšna vadba morda ni primerna za posameznike s spremljajočimi ortopedskimi ali mišičnoskeletnimi omejitvami, prekomerno težo ali drugimi zdravstvenimi težavami. Vadba v vodi je zato lahko privlačna alternativa vadbi na kopnem za doseganje trdnejšega zdravja in telesne pripravljenosti pri teh skupinah pacientov. Čeprav je plavanje priljubljena oblika vadbe v vodi, zahteva posebne spretnosti in jo pogosto izvajamo z intenzivnostjo, ki je pri koronarnih pacientih morda ni mogoče varno predpisati. Kot ustrezna alternativa je bila zato predlagana pokončna vadba v vodi, vendar je presenetljivo malo znanega o učinkih pokončne vadbe v vodi za izboljšanje srčnožilnega sistema. Omejeni dokazi proučenih raziskav hidro gimnastike kažejo, da lahko redna vadba v globoki ali plitvi, termonevtralni vodi ugodno vpliva na kardiorespiratorno zmogljivost, moč, avtonomno regulacijo srca, vaskularno funkcijo, aktivacijo endotelijskih celic, hemostazo, vnetje nizke stopnje, neuro humoralno aktivacijo in kakovost življenja. Aerobna kapaciteta je najboljši kazalnik preživetja in tveganja za srčnožilno umrljivost. Čeprav ima maksimalna aerobna kapaciteta pomembno genetsko komponento in nanjo vpliva proces staranja, jo lahko znatno izboljšamo s treningom pri vseh starostnih skupinah in pri obeh spolih, kar so raziskave tudi dokazale. Hidro gimnastika mora tako, poleg aerobnih vaj, ki so še vedno „zlati standard“ v rehabilitaciji koronarnih pacientov, vključevati tudi vaje za povečanje moči. Ugotovili smo, da imajo raziskave kar nekaj omejitev, ki se nanašajo na pomanjkljivo zasnovo raziskave, manjše število udeležencev, razlike med skupinami, ki onemogočajo randomizacijo, različno trajanje raziskav in spolno pristranskostjo. Prav tako so končne ugotovitve raziskav izključno veljale za klinično stabilne paciente z nizkim tveganjem, s stabilnim sinusnim ritmom, z ohranjenim iztisnim deležem levega prekata, brez okvare srčne zaklopke, ki narekuje specifično zdravljenje, ali hujša stopnja obstruktivne pljučne bolezni. Uspešnost hidrogimnastike omogoča ponovne zmožnosti opravljanja dnevnih opravil, večjo vitalnosti, boljše splošno počutje in večjo voljo do življenja, ki lahko zopet postane aktivno.

Keywords

kardiološka rehabilitacija;fiziološki učinki;hidroterapija;hidrogimnastika;kronično srčno popuščanje;koronarna arterijska bolezen;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Publisher: [R. Šiler]
UDC: 615.8
COBISS: 111320579 Link will open in a new window
Views: 116
Downloads: 25
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Physiological responses to hydrotherapy in physiotherapeutic treatment of a coronary patient
Secondary abstract: Cardiovascular disease is on the rise, claiming an estimated 12 million lives each year, primarily in developing countries. The increasing burden of cardiovascular disease makes coronary artery disease the leading cause of cardiac surgery worldwide. The benefits of physical activity for cardiovascular and metabolic health have been extensively researched and well documented. However, such exercise may not be appropriate for individuals with orthopedic or musculoskeletal limitations, obesity, or other health problems. Therefore exercise in the water, may be an attractive alternative to exercise on land to improve the health and fitness of these patient. While swimming is a popular form of aquatic exercise, it requires special skills and is often performed at an intensity that may not be safe for coronary patients. Conseqently, vertical water training has been suggested as a suitable alternative. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the effects of vertical aquatic exercise on cardiovascular improvement. The limited evidence in the aquatic exercise studies reviewed suggests that regular exercise in deep or shallow thermoneutral water may have beneficial effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, cardiac autonomic regulation, vascular function, endothelial cell activation, hemostasis, low-grade inflammation, neurohumoral activation, and quality of life. Aerobic capacity is the best indicator of survival and cardiovascular mortality risk. Although maximal aerobic capacity has an important genetic component and is influenced by the ageing process, it can be significantly improved with training at all ages and in both sexes, as studies have shown. Thus, in addition to aerobic exercises, hydrogymnastics should also include strength exercises. We established that the reviewd studies had several limitations related to inferior study design, smaller number of participants, differences between groups excluding randomization, different study duration, and gender bias. In addition, the final study results related exclusively to clinically stable patients with low risk, stable sinus rhythm, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, no valvular defect requiring specific treatment, or severe obstructive pulmonary disease. The success of aquatic exercise is reflected in a regained ability to perform daily tasks, increased vitality, improved general well-being, and a greater desire to live, as life can be restored to an active state.
Secondary keywords: cardiac rehabilitation;physiological effects;hydrotherapy;hydro-gymnastics;chronic heart failure;coronary artery disease;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0023048
Thesis comment: Visokošolski zavod Fizioterapevtika
Pages: III, 66 str.
ID: 15287906