Obrnjeno dokazno breme pri odvzemu protipravno pridobljene premoženjske koristi

magistrsko delo

Dejan Škofic (Author), Bojan Dobovšek (Mentor)

Abstract

Organizirana in gospodarska kriminaliteta je problematika, s katero se srečujejo vse države sveta, ne samo manj razvite in revne, kot menijo nekateri, res pa je, da je večji problem v tranzicijskih državah, v katerih se demokracija komaj vzpostavlja, hkrati z njo pa se vzpostavlja tudi državni aparat, ki je namenjen odkrivanju in preprečevanju omenjene problematike. Tovrstna kriminaliteta, ki ne pozna državnih meja in postaja čedalje bolj transnacionalna, pa prinaša velikanske dobičke tako organiziranim kriminalnim združbam kot tudi posameznikom, ti pa si nato krepijo ekonomsko moč, ki jo izrabljajo za uveljavljanje lastnih interesov na gospodarskem in tudi političnem področju. Ker so kazniva dejanja tovrstne kriminalitete običajno brez neposrednih žrtev, jih je težko odkriti in kaznovati, zaradi česar jih je skoraj nemogoče preiskovati s klasičnimi metodami odkrivanja in preiskovanja kaznivih dejanj. Zaradi tega se moramo prilagoditi tovrstni kriminaliteti ter uporabiti nove metode odkrivanja in preiskovanja kaznivih dejanj. Kot najboljše orožje proti tovrstni kriminaliteti pa se je izkazal ravno institut razširjene zaplembe z uporabo obrnjenega dokaznega bremena. V tem postopku se osumljencu odvzame premoženje, katerega vrednost je v nesorazmerju z njegovimi zakonitimi prihodki, če osumljenec ne more z zadostno stopnjo verjetnosti izkazati, da ga je pridobil na zakonit način. Ker menim, da je treba tudi v slovenski pravni red uvesti institut razširjene zaplembe z uporabo obrnjenega dokaznega bremena, saj na tem področju zaostajamo za vsemi državami Evropske unije, je moj namen v magistrskem delu predstaviti možnost in način uvedbe tega instituta v slovenski pravni red.

Keywords

organizirana kriminaliteta;gospodarska kriminaliteta;preiskovanje;dokazi;dokazno breme;obrnjeno dokazno breme;protipravna premoženjska korist;odvzem premoženjske koristi;magistrska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2012
Source:	[Ljubljana
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	D. Škofic]
UDC:	343.1
COBISS:	2508266
Views:	2221
Downloads:	371
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	Organized and economic crime is an issue faced by all countries of the world, not only less developed and poor countries, as some believe, but it is true that it represents a greater threat in transition countries, where democracy is barely establishing, and along with that also a state aparatus, that is intended to detect and prevent these issues. This type of crime, that knows no state borders and is becoming increasingly transnational, makes huge profits to organized criminal groups and individuals, which is used to strengthen the economy, that is used for promoting their own interest in the economical and political spheres. Because the criminal offenses of such crime usually has no direct victim, it is difficult to detect and punish it, making them almost impossible to investigate with conventional methods of detecting and investigating. Therefore, we must adapt to this crime and to make use of new methods of detecting and investigating offenses. The best weapon against this crime has proved to be institute of confiscation with the use of reversed burden of proof. In this case the suspect is deprived of its property whose value is disproportional to his lawful income, if the suspect is unable to demonstrate a sufficient degree of probability that it has acquired it in a lawful manner. Because I believe it is necessary to introduce Institute of confiscation with the use of reversed burden of proof to Slovenian legal system, since this area is lagging behind all EU countries, it is my purpose in this thesis to demonstrate the possibility and method of introduction of this Institute in the Slovenian legislation.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	105 str.
Keywords (UDC):	social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;criminal law;penal offences;kazensko pravo;kazniva dejanja;criminal justice;criminal investigation;criminal proceedings;kazenskopravno sodstvo;kazenska preiskava;kazenski postopki;
ID:	15330