Porod v času COVID-19: pregled literature

diplomsko delo

Vesna Marija Sirc (Author), Anita Prelec (Reviewer), Ana Polona Mivšek (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Decembra 2019 je v kitajskem mestu Wuhan prišlo do izbruha pljučnice neznanega izvora. Pri obolelih so izključili številne običajne povzročitelje pljučnic in potrdili okužbo z novim koronavirusom. Slednjega so poimenovali SARS-CoV-2, bolezen, ki jo virus povzroča pa COVID-19. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija je dvanajstega marca 2020 razglasila pandemijo. Namen: V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na spremembe, ki jih je pandemija prinesla v perinatalne zdravstvene sisteme, kako so se na to odzvale nosečnice, porodnice in otročnice. V ta namen smo v pregledu literature zbrali znanstvene študije, s katerimi želimo ugotoviti, kakšen vpliv je imela pandemija na zadovoljstvo žensk s perinatalno obravnavo, na duševno zdravje in uporabo medicinskih intervencij. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela. S pomočjo teoretičnega pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku so bile zbrane osnovne definicije pandemije ter podatki o pandemiji COVID-19. Literatura je bila zbrana s pomočjo Prizma diagrama. V pregled literature smo vključili 16 študij, ki so ustrezale raziskovalnemu namenu in jih ovrednotili glede na kakovost. Rezultati: S pregledom literature smo ugotovili da, medtem ko pri nekaterih raziskavah ni prišlo do statistično pomembnih razlik v zadovoljstvu s porodom med pandemijo, pa so drugi avtorji poročali o nižjem zadovoljstvu s strani žensk in partnerjev. Na zadovoljstvo so vplivali ukrepi, sprejeti zaradi pandemije, prepoved prisotnosti partnerja pri porodu in prepoved poporodnih obiskov. Velik vpliv na zadovoljstvo sta imela tudi strah pred boleznijo COVID-19 in odnos zdravstvenih delavcev, ki so bili zaradi ukrepov velikokrat izčrpani. Rezultati študij so pokazali, da je prišlo do višje stopnje anksioznosti pri ženskah v perinatalnem obdobju, večina avtorjev pa navaja tudi večjo pojavnost poporodne depresije in posttravmatskega stresnega sindroma oziroma drugih duševnih bolezni. Glede uporabe medicinskih intervencij ni enoznačnih ugotovitev. Nekateri avtorji navajajo večjo uporabo intervencij, drugi pa sprememb ne opažajo. Razprava in zaključek: Študije so pokazale, da so se ženske že v nosečnosti srečevale z višjo stopnjo anksioznosti, domnevno zaradi negotove situacije. Glede zadovoljstva žensk z obravnavo in uporabe medicinskih intervencij nismo prišli do enoznačnega zaključka. Ugotovili smo, da so zadovoljstvo žensk s porodom, uporaba intervencij in poporodno duševno zdravje med seboj zelo povezani. Velik dejavnik nezadovoljstva sta bila nasilje in diskriminacija s strani zdravstvenih delavcev. Pomembno je, da se zdravstveni delavci zavedajo svojega vpliva na počutje žensk v občutljivem obdobju njihovega življenja in poskušajo ohraniti sočutje in empatijo ne glede na situacijo.

Keywords

diplomska dela;babištvo;pandemija;nosečnost;mentalno zdravje;epidemija;zadovoljstvo;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher:	[V. M. Sirc]
UDC:	618.2/.7
COBISS:	110506499
Views:	110
Downloads:	51
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Childbirth during COVID-19: literature review
Secondary abstract:	In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin occurred in Wuhan, China. A number of common pneumonia pathogens were excluded and a novel coronavirus infection was confirmed. The new coronavirus has been named SARS-CoV-2 and the disease caused by the virus COVID-19. The World Health Organization has declared a pandemic on 12 March 2020. Purpose: We focused on the changes that the pandemic has brought to the perinatal health system, how pregnant women, childbearing and postpartum women have reacted to it. We gathered scientific studies in a literature review to determine the impact of the pandemic on women's satisfaction with perinatal care, mental health and the use of medical interventions. Methods: A theoretical review of scientific literature in Slovene and English was used to collect basic definitions of the pandemic and data on the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature was collected using a Prism diagram. We included 16 studies in the literature review that met our research aim and evaluated them for quality. Results: With literature review we found out that while some studies reported no statistically significant differences in satisfaction with childbirth during the pandemic, other authors reported lower satisfaction on the part of women and partners. Satisfaction was affected by the interventions taken as a result of the pandemic, the ban on partner attendance at birth and the ban on postnatal visits. Fear of COVID-19 and the attitude of health care workers, who were often exhausted due to the pandemic, also had a major impact on satisfaction. The results of the studies showed that there was a higher level of anxiety in women during the perinatal period. Most authors also reported a higher incidence of postnatal depression and post-traumatic stress disorder or other mental illnesses. There are no clear-cut findings on the use of medical interventions. Some authors report an increase in the use of interventions, while others report no change. Discussion and conclusion: Studies have shown that women experienced higher levels of anxiety in pregnancy, presumably due to the uncertainty of the situation. There is no clear conclusion regarding women's satisfaction with their treatment and the use of medical interventions. We found that women's satisfaction with childbirth, use of interventions and postnatal mental health are highly correlated. Violence and discrimination by health workers were a major factor in dissatisfaction. It is important that health professionals are aware of their impact on women's well-being at a sensitive time in their lives and try to maintain compassion and empathy regardless of the situation.
Secondary keywords:	diploma theses;midwifery;pandemic;pregnancy;mental health;epidemic;satisfaction;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za babištvo
Pages:	42 str.
ID:	15542640