Razvoj vojskovanja v antični Grčiji, od bojnih vozov do poraza hoplitov pri Hajroneji

diplomsko delo

Miha Koren (Author), Alenka Cedilnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Diplomsko delo opisuje postopen razvoj vojskovanja na območju današnje Grčije skozi predhomersko, arhaično in klasično dobo. Kovinsko orožje in oklep sta bila v predhomerski dobi zaradi pomanjkanja primernih kovin oziroma ustreznega znanja dragocena, kvalitetno opremo si je lahko privoščilo samo premožno plemstvo te dobe. Kovine so v glavnem uporabljali za izdelavo orožja, pri ostalih kosih opreme, kot sta na primer čelada in ščit, pa so pogosto improvizirali z drugimi materiali, na primer les ali kosti živali. S prihodom Dorcev se je na območju današnje Grčije začela raba železa, nove tehnike ter sočasen razvoj trgovine v Sredozemlju so omogočile večjo dostopnost bojne opreme. Dobro oboroženi pripadniki srednjega sloja so ogrozili položaj plemstva kot najmočnejših bojevnikov in s tem začrtali nove poti razvoja družb antičnih polis v arhaični dobi – plemstvo večine mestnih držav se je ponižalo na enakovreden položaj v vojski in enakopraven položaj v družbi, v nekaterih pa je sprejelo nov način vojskovanja in z njim znotraj družbe svoje polis ohranilo monopol nad politično močjo. Številne polis so po uspehu proti vojskam Perzije ob vstopu v klasično dobo začele tekmovati za prevlado v Grčiji. V želji po premoči nad enakovrednimi oziroma zaradi pritiska močnejših nasprotnikov so bili prisiljeni v improvizacijo. V klasični dobi se je tako bolj kot sama oprema razvijala taktika.

Keywords

Grčija;vojskovanje;orožje;oklep;hoplit;falanga;predhomerska doba;arhaična doba;klasična doba;bolonjska diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2021
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FF - Faculty of Arts
Publisher:	[M. Koren]
UDC:	94(38)
COBISS:	117448707
Views:	53
Downloads:	12
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Evolution of warfare in ancient Greece, from chariots to the fall of hoplites at Chaeronea
Secondary abstract:	This thesis describes the gradual development of warfare through the pre-Homeric, Archaic and Classical age in the area of modern Greece. In the pre-Homeric age, metal weapons and armor were rare due to the lack of suitable metals and sufficient knowledge to forge them. Because of this, high quality equipment was only accessible to wealthy nobles of this age. Most of the metal was used to craft weapons, while other equipment was usually made through improvisation from more available materials - wood or animal bones. The use of iron weapons began with the arrival of the Dorians. Iron smelting, advanced techniques, and the relatively simultaneous development of trade in the Mediterranean region made arms and armor widely accessible. Well-equipped members of the middle class challenged the position of the nobility as the most powerful warriors and thus defined the further development of polis in the Archaic age – while the nobles of some city states willingly accepted a new, equal position on the battlefield and in the society, others used the newly developed equipment and tactics to defend their monopoly over political power. After their success against Persian armies, numerous poleis began to compete for rule over Greece at the beginning of Classical age. Competition and pressure from stronger opponents forced them to improvise – more than equipment, it was tactics of battle that evolved in that period.
Secondary keywords:	Greece;warfare;weapons;armor;hoplite;phalanx;pre-Homeric age;Archaic age;Classical age;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	1011027
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za zgodovino
Pages:	68 str.
ID:	15574420