Teroristi samotarji

nova oblika grožnje

Bernarda Kohek (Author), Marjan Miklavčič (Mentor)

Abstract

Medtem, ko se je večina Evropskih držav v zadnjem desetletju ukvarjala z razcvetom sodobnega islamskega terorizma in upala, da bo s smrtjo Osame Bin Ladna svet postal boljši in varnejši, smo lahko priča razmahu novi vrsti terorizma 21. stoletja- teroristov samotarjev. Moderni teroristi, ki smo jih lahko pred dobrim desetletjem srečali v večji meri v ZDA, so se zahvaljujoč demokraciji in napredni tehnologiji, v prvi vrsti Internetu, razširili tudi v evropski prostor. Lahko rečemo, da teroristi samotarji predstavljajo večjo grožnjo kot teroristične skupine, saj do same izvedbe napada na nikakršen način ne opozorijo nase. Rojeni so v državi, kjer živijo, zato se povsem zlijejo z okolico, delujejo samostojno, neodvisno in na lastno pobudo. V večini primerov so dobro izobraženi posamezniki z že izoblikovanim političnim, ideološkim ali kulturnim prepričanjem. S spretno uporabo virtualne skupnosti in odkrito podporo kakšne teroristične skupine se popolnoma v osami radikalizirajo in nato izvedejo napad. Takšen napad je 22. julija 2011 izvedel desničarski skrajnež Anders Behring Breivik, ki je v Oslu pred vladnim poslopjem nastavil in aktiviral doma izdelano bombo, nato pa se odpeljal na bližnji otoček Utoya na strelski pohod, ki je v Evropi po drugi svetovni vojni terjal največ smrtnih žrtev v posameznem napadu. Njegove žrtve so bili mladi, večinoma mladoletni, člani Norveške Laburistične stranke, ki se zavzema za večkulturnost v Norveški. Kot razlog je Breivik navedel sovraštvo do muslimanov, nasprotovanje večkulturnosti in priseljevanju. Za napad se je dolgo in temeljito pripravljal, po aretaciji je priznal, da je ubijal zavestno in ni pokazal nikakršnega obžalovanja. Označil se je kot političnega borca in kot borca proti muslimanski kolonizaciji Evrope. Norveško sodišče mu je izreklo po norveški zakonodaji najvišjo možno- 21 letno zaporno kazen z možnostjo podaljšanja. Na odziv in delo norveške policije in obveščevalno-varnostnih služb je neodvisna desetčlanska komisija izrekla negativno mnenje in opozorila na pomanjkanje sodelovanja med njimi. Nestrpna demokratična družba, pomanjkanje vrednot, vedno bolj izražene verske razlike, nagel porast priseljencev, vedno večja finančna kriza in brezposelnost postavljajo iz leta v leto boljše temelje za porast samotarskega terorizma, ne samo v Evropi, temveč v vsem demokratičnem svetu.

Keywords

terorizem;teroristi;teroristični napadi;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2012
Source:	[Ljubljana
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	B. Kohek]
UDC:	343.326(043.2)
COBISS:	2583274
Views:	2314
Downloads:	241
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	While most European countries in the last decade are dealing with the boom of modern Islamic terrorism and hoped that the death of Osama Bin Laden the world a better and safer we may witness the expansion of a new type of terrorism 21st recluse-lone wolf terrorists. Modern terrorists we can meet over a decade ago to a greater extent in the U.S., thanks to democracy and advanced technology primarily the Internet expanded into the European space. We can say that terrorists are solitary greater threat than terrorist groups because of attacks by the implementation in any way remind yourself. Born in the country where they live, so completely blend into its surroundings, act autonomously, independently and on own initiative. In most cases, well-educated individuals with already established political, ideological or cultural belief. By skillfully using the virtual community and openly support any terrorist groups are completely in isolation radicalized and then conduct an attack. Such an attack on 22 July 2011 where right-wing extremist Anders Behring Breivik, who had set and activate the homemade bomb in Oslo in front of the government building, and then drove to the nearby island of Utoya shooting the hikers which has claimed the most deaths in a single attack in Europe since the Second World War . His victims were young, mostly minors members of the Norwegian Labour Party, which is committed to multiculturalism in Norway. As the reason Breivik had stated hatrey to Muslims, opposition to multiculturalism and immigration. To attack the long and thoroughly prepared, after his arrest, he admitted that he knowingly killed and showed no remorse. He marked himself as a political fighter and a fighter against Muslim colonization of Europe. Norwegian court under Norwegian legislation gave him highest possible punishment-21 years in prison with the possibility of extension. The response and the work of the Norwegian police and intelligence and security services the ten-member independent commission handed down a negative opinion and pointed to the lack of cooperation between them. Impatient democratic society, lack of values, becoming more religious differences, rapid increase in immigrants, a growing financial crisis and unemployment is set in the year a stronger foundation for growth lone wolf terrorism, not only in Europe but throughout the democratic world.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	59 str.
Keywords (UDC):	social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;criminal law;penal offences;kazensko pravo;kazniva dejanja;offences against the state;
ID:	15659