magistrsko delo
Anja Verstovšek (Author), Vedran Hadžić (Reviewer), Damir Karpljuk (Mentor), Ana Šuštaršič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Namen magistrskega dela je podrobneje raziskati težave in nepravilnosti v telesni drži pri mladostnikih, predstaviti rizične dejavnike na katere moramo biti v tem obdobju pozorni in predstaviti preventivne smernice. Pregledali smo obstoječo slovensko in tujo literaturo na to temo. Magistrsko delo je monografskega tipa. Predstavili smo najpogostejše funkcionalne spremembe in deformacije telesne drže v mladostništvu ter ugotovili, da so nepravilnosti v telesni drži v mladostništvu pogost pojav. Najpogostejše nepravilnosti telesne drže v bočni ravnini so kifotična drža, lordotična drža ter ploski hrbet. Najpogostejša nepravilnost v čelni ravnini pa adolescentna idiopatska skolioza. V sistematskem pregledu smo ugotovili, da med rizične dejavnike za pojavnost nepravilnosti v telesni drži spadajo starost, višina, telesna teža, indeks telesne mase (ITM), mišična in maščobna masa. Ravno tako sta rizična dejavnika za pojavnost nepravilnosti v telesni drži pri mladostnikih tudi nizka telesna dejavnost ter daljši čas v sedečem položaju. Pri analiziranju obstoječih preventivnih ukrepov za preprečitev nepravilnosti v telesni drži, smo ugotovili, da imajo preventivni programi za promocijo ustrezne telesne drže statistično pomemben vpliv na povečanje ustreznega vedenja in znanja učencev o oskrbi hrbta. V preventivne programe, ki otroke in mladostnike ozaveščajo o pomenu telesne drže in učenje dobrih oblik gibanja, je smiselno vključiti promocijo aktivnega življenjskega sloga in ozaveščanje o zdravih navadah, učenje osnov anatomije in patologije hrbta ter biomehansko ugodnih položajev med stojo, sedenjem, ležanjem, dvigovanjem, potiskanjem in upogibanjem. Ko so nepravilnosti že prisotne lahko korektivno vadbo dodamo v pouk športne vzgoje ali kot dodatno dejavnost. V mladostništvu se je smiselno začeti ukvarjati s pravilnimi gibalnimi vzorci v vsakdanjem življenju kot tudi z učenjem pravilne tehnike izvajanja vaj za moč, saj je takšna vadba najboljša preventiva za kakršne koli nepravilnosti in bi morala biti vključena v življenje vsakega posameznika.

Keywords

šport;hrbtenica;razvoj hrbtenice;mladostniki;funkcionalna anatomija;telesna drža;nepravilnosti;deformacije;rizični dejavniki;korektivna vadba;preventiva;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL FŠ - Faculty of Sport
Publisher: [A. Verstovšek]
UDC: 796:616.711-053.6
COBISS: 119084035 Link will open in a new window
Views: 66
Downloads: 25
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Faults of body posture and spine deformation in adolescence
Secondary abstract: The purpose of this master's thesis was to investigate the problems and faults in body posture in adolescents, to present the risk factors that we must pay attention to and to present preventive guidelines. The relevant Slovenian and foreign literature were reviewed on this topic. The master's thesis is monograph-based. We presented the most common functional changes and deformations of posture in adolescence and found that faults of body posture in adolescence are very common. The most common faults of body posture in sagittal plane are kyphotic posture, lordotic posture, and flat back. The most common in the frontal plane is adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). In a systematic review we found that risk factors for the occurrence of postural abnormalities include age, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), muscle and fat mass. Low-level physical activity and prolonged sitting are also risk factors for postural abnormalities in adolescents. When analyzing existing preventive interventions to prevent postural abnormalities, we found that preventive programs to promote proper posture have a statistically significant impact on increasing appropriate behavior and knowledge of back care in studetns. Preventive programs that make children and adolescents aware of the importance of posture and are learning them good forms of movement should include the promotion of active lifestyle and awareness of healthy habits, learning the basics of anatomy and pathology of the back and biomechanically favorable positions while standing, sitting, lying down, lifting, pushing and bending. When faults of body posture are already present, corrective exercise can be added to physical education classes or as an additional activity. In adolescence, it makes sense to start dealing with the correct movement patterns as well as learning the correct technique of performing strength exercises. Strength training could be the best prevention of any abnormalities in human body and should be included in the life of each individual.
Secondary keywords: sport;body posture;adolescents;faults of body posture;risk factors;corrective exercises;prevention;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za šport
Pages: 68 f.
ID: 15664252