Aleksander Kravos (Author), Andreja Žgajnar Gotvajn (Author), Urška Lavrenčič Štangar (Author), Borislav N. Malinović (Author), Helena Prosen (Author)

Abstract

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been introduced to deal with different types of water pollution. They cause effective chemical destruction of pollutants, yet leading to a mixture of transformation by-products, rather than complete mineralization. Therefore, the aim of our study was to understand complex degradation processes induced by different AOPs from chemical and ecotoxicological point of view. Phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol were used as model pollutants since they are still common industrial chemicals and thus encountered in the aquatic environment. A comprehensive study of efficiency of several AOPs was undertaken by using instrumental analyses along with ecotoxicological assessment. Four approaches were compared: ozonation, photocatalytic oxidation with immobilized nitrogen-doped TiO$_2$ thin films, the sequence of both, as well as electrooxidation on boron-doped diamond (BDD) and mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes. The monitored parameters were: removal of target phenols, dechlorination, transformation products, and ecotoxicological impact. Therefore, HPLC–DAD, GC–MS, UHPLC–MS/MS, ion chromatography, and 48 h inhibition tests on Daphnia magna were applied. In addition, pH and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured. Results show that ozonation provides by far the most suitable pattern of degradation accompanied by rapid detoxification. In contrast, photocatalysis was found to be slow and mild, marked by the accumulation of aromatic products. Preozonation reinforces the photocatalytic process. Regarding the electrooxidations, BDD is more effective than MMO, while the degradation pattern and transformation products formed depend on supporting electrolyte.

Keywords

klorofenoli;fenol;elektroksidacija;ozonacija;fotokataliza;fotooksidacija;plinska kromatografija;tekočinska kromatografija;ionska kromatografija;masna spektrometrija;celokupni organski ogljik;ekotoksikologija;Daphnia magna;chlorophenols;phenol;electrooxidation;ozonation;photocatalysis;photooxidation;gas chromatography;liquid chromatography;ion chromatography;mass spectrometry;total organic carbon;ecotoxicology;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
UDC: 628.349:66.094.3:543.544
COBISS: 101261315 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 1420-3049
Views: 68
Downloads: 40
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: klorofenoli;fenol;elektroksidacija;ozonacija;fotokataliza;fotooksidacija;plinska kromatografija;tekočinska kromatografija;ionska kromatografija;masna spektrometrija;celokupni organski ogljik;ekotoksikologija;Daphnia magna;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: str. 1-20
Volume: ǂVol. ǂ27
Issue: ǂiss. ǂ6
Chronology: Mar. 2022
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061935
ID: 15702044