diplomsko delo
Tina Lesjak (Author), Franc Perdih (Mentor)

Abstract

Kovinski elementi so prisotni v vseh živih organizmih in v njih igrajo različne vloge. V primerih prevelike vsebnosti esencialnih kovin v telesu ali izpostavljenosti težkim kovinam lahko pride do zastrupitve s kovinami. Na njo vplivajo faktorji, kot so doza oziroma koncentracija snovi, čas in način izpostavljenosti, kemijska ter fizikalna oblika kovine. Pogost način zdravljenja je kelatna terapija, pri kateri se uporabljajo različna kelatna sredstva. Kelatna sredstva so ligandi, ki s kovinskim kationom tvorijo kompleks, imenovan kelat (kelatni kompleks). Nastanek oziroma prisotnost dveh ali več koordinacijskih vezi istega liganda z enim centralnim atomom se imenuje kelacija. Do takšne reakcije pride, ko je kemijska afiniteta kelatnega sredstva do kovinskega iona višja kot afiniteta podobnih nekelatnih (monodentatnih) ligandov do istega kovinskega iona. Kelacija je ravnotežna reakcija, na katero vplivajo temperatura, pH, ionska moč ter prisotnost drugih ionov. Ravnotežna konstanta se v tem primeru imenuje konstanta stabilnosti K in je merilo afinitete kelatnega sredstva za določeno kovino. Kelatna sredstva, ki se uporabljajo pri kelatni terapiji, so (med drugim) dimerkaprol, DMSA, DMPS, D-penicilamin, EDTA, CaNa2EDTA, DTPA, deferoksamin, deferipron, deferasiroks ter nitrilotriocetna kislina.

Keywords

kovine;zastrupitve;ligandi;kelacija;kelatorji;koordinacijske spojine;terapija;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher: [T. Lesjak]
UDC: 546.3(043.2)
COBISS: 116877315 Link will open in a new window
Views: 74
Downloads: 81
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Use of chelation therapy
Secondary abstract: Metal elements are present in all living organisms and play different roles in them. Metal intoxication may occur due to essential metal overload or exposure to heavy metals. It is affected by factors, such as dose or concentration of the substance, time and route of exposure, chemical and physical form of the metal. Common method of treatment is chelation therapy, in which various chelating agents are used. Chelating agents are ligands that form a complex with a metal cation, called chelate (chelate complex). The formation or presence of two or more coordinate bonds of the same ligand with one central atom is called chelation. This reaction happens when the chemical affinity of the chelating agent for a metal ion is higher than that of similar nonchelating (monodentate) ligands for the same metal ion. Chelation is an equilibrium reaction which is affected by temperature, pH, ionic strength and the presence of other ions. The equilibrium constant is in this case called the stability constant K and is a measure of affinity of the chelating agent for a particular metal. Chelating agents, used in chelating therapy, are (among others) dimercaprol, DMSA, DMPS, D-penicillamine, EDTA, CaNa2EDTA, DTPA, deferoxamine, deferiprone, deferasirox and nitrilotriacetic acid.
Secondary keywords: metals;intoxication;chelators;therapy;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 1000374
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, VSŠ Kemijska tehnologija
Pages: 26 str.
ID: 15841037