Vpliv ekstrakcijskih metod na biolško aktivnost ekstraktov baldrijana (valeriana officinalis)

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Jernej Jurko (Author), Maša Knez Hrnčič (Mentor), Taja Žitek (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Namen diplomske naloge je z različnimi izolacijskimi metodami izolirati biološko aktivne komponente iz baldrijanove korenine. Baldrijan se veliko uporablja za pridobivanje ekstraktov, ki delujejo pomirjevalno in uspavalno. V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili ekstrahirati nekatere biološko aktivne komponente, ki jih vsebuje baldrijanova korenina. To so totalni fenoli, flavonoidi in druge spojine z antioksidativno aktivnostjo. Za izolacijo teh spojin smo izbrali hladno maceracijo, ultrazvočno ekstrakcijo, superkritično ekstrakcijo z ogljikovim dioksidom in destilacijo po Clevengerju. Izbrali smo tri topila, in sicer destilirano vodo, absolutni etanol in mešanico vode in etanola v razmerju 1:1. Najvišji izkoristek smo določili s hladno maceracijo z vodo, in sicer 22,3 %. Etanolni in superkritični ekstrakti imajo nižji izkoristek. Najnižji izkoristek pa ima 10 ur trajajoča destilacija po Clevengerju, in sicer 0,3 %. Vsem pripravljenim ekstraktom smo nato določili antioksidativno aktivnost, vsebnost totalnih fenolov in vsebnost flavonoidov. Dvema vzorcema z najvišjo vrednostjo antioksidativne inhibicije (etanolna ekstrakta s superkritično in ultrazvočno ekstrakcijo) smo določili tudi vrednost EC50. Etanolni ekstrakti imajo v povprečju najvišje vrednosti določanih spojin, vodni ekstrakti pa najnižje. Najvišjo vsebnost vseh treh merjenih komponent je imel vzorec superkritične ekstrakcije s CO2, kjer je bilo sotopilo etanol, in sicer antioksidativno inhibicijo 23,8 %, vrednost EC50 4,15 mg/ml, vsebnost totalnih fenolov 69,9 mg GA na g ekstrakta in vsebnost flavonoidov 114,3 mg kvercetina na g ekstrakta. Izjema je le dejstvo, da smo, zaradi najvišjega izkoristka ekstrakcije, iz baldrijana ekstrahirali največ totalnih fenolov s hladno maceracijo z vodo, in sicer 9,8 mg GA na g baldrijanove korenine. Izvedli smo tudi formulacijo ekstrakta v končni izdelek. Pripravili smo milo z etanolnim ekstraktom baldrijanove korenine. Milo smo naredili s kokosovim in olivnim oljem, da ima optimalne lastnosti za nego in čiščenje kože.

Keywords

baldrijan;superkritična ekstrakcija;ultrazvočna ekstrakcija;antioksidativna aktivnost;totalni fenoli in flavonoidi;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[J. Jurko]
UDC:	66.061.3:582.979(043.2)
COBISS:	120775427
Views:	22
Downloads:	3
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Impact of extraction methods on the biological activity of valerian (valeriana officinalis) extracts
Secondary abstract:	The purpose of the thesis is to isolate biologically active components from valerian roots by various isolation methods. Valerian is widely used to make extracts that act soothingly and are used to induce sleep. In the thesis we focused on extracting some biologically active components contained in valerian root. These are total phenols, flavonoids and other compounds with antioxidant activity. To isolate these compounds, we selected cold maceration, ultrasonic extraction, supercritical extraction with carbon dioxide and Clevenger destilation. We selected three solvents, namely distilled water, absolute ethanol and a 1:1 mixture of water and ethanol. The maximum efficiency was determined by cold maceration with water, namely 22.3%. Ethanol and supercritical extracts have lower efficiency. The lowest efficiency of 0,3 %, however, has 10 hours long Clevenger destilation. Antioxidant activity, the content of total phenols and the flavonoid content has been determined. For two samples with the highest value of antioxidant inhibition (ethanolic extracts obtained with supercritical and ultrasonic extraction), EC50 has been determined. Ethanol extracts have on average the highest levels of the determined compounds and the aqueous extracts have the lowest. The highest content of all three measured characteristics had a sample prepared by supercritical extraction with CO2 (material macerated with ethanol), i.e. antioxidant inhibition of 23,8 %, EC50 of 4,15 mg/ml, total phenol content of 69,9 mg GA per g of extract and flavonoid content of 114,3 mg of Quercetin per g of extract. An exception is the fact that, due to the highest extraction efficiency, we extracted most total phenols from valerian with cold maceration with water, i.e. 9.8 mg GA per g of valerian root. We also formulated extract into a finished product. We prepared soap with ethanol extract from baldrian roots. The soap was made with coconut and olive oil to have optimal properties for skin health and cleansing.
Secondary keywords:	valerian;supercritical extraction;ultrasonic extraction;antioxidant activity;total phenols and flavonoids;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 40 f.))
ID:	16249329