magistrsko delo
Sanja Čahuk (Author), Suzana Kraljić (Mentor)

Abstract

Verjetno imamo ne glede na to, kje na svetu živimo, podobne želje, biti zdravi, srečni, zadovoljni, samostojni, sami odločati o svojem življenju. Prva in zadnja od teh želja sta hkrati tudi glavni skrbi medicine. S pomočjo medicine se bolezni zdravijo, trpljenje se lajša, in kolikor je to mogoče, kronične bolezni obvladujejo. Ob vsem tem se čedalje bolj spodbuja pacientova avtonomija. Vendar pa pri tem ne moremo govoriti o avtonomiji posameznika v času umiranja, saj zaenkrat v Republiki Sloveniji, posamezniku ni zagotovljena ustavna pravica, da bi odločal o trenutku in načinu svoje smrti. Take pravice ni moč zaslediti niti v mednarodnih dokumentih, čeprav mnogi tako pravico naslavljajo kot temeljno človekovo pravico. Evtanazija, beseda, ki izvira iz grščine, pomeni dobro, lahko smrt. Veliko zmede, ki spremlja sodobno razpravo o evtanaziji, je mogoče izslediti v nenatančni definiciji tega pojma. Dejansko še danes ne moremo govoriti o enotni definiciji pojmov evtanazija in pomoč pri samomoru, kar v javnosti velikokrat povzroča množične frustracije in mnoge dileme. Vseeno pa obstajajo države, ki so prešle te ogromne ovire, naredile gromozanski korak naprej in zakonsko uredile možnost prostovoljnega končanja življenja. V posledici epidemije ne preseneča niti dejstvo, da se je v zadnjem času v veliko državah začelo naglas razpravljati o teh možnostih in da so nekatere države, po vzoru drugih držav, celo prestopile ciljno črto in ta vprašanja zakonsko uredile. V okviru tega bo zanimivo spremljati, kakšen bo razvoj teorije in prakse ob morebitnih polemikah takšne ureditve. Dileme, ki spremljajo vprašanja o koncu življenja, še najbolj pa tista o prostovoljnem končanju življenja, so za družbo potrebne in nadvse pomembne. Skozi dileme se namreč izraža jedro problema prostovoljnega končanja življenja, ki ga lahko samo s skupnimi pogovori in produktivnimi strokovnimi razpravami razrešimo. Nujno je, da pri tako pomembnih vprašanjih poslušamo in slišimo vse strani teh vprašanj, kajti samo na ta način bo tudi družba sposobna razumeti kako in zakaj je tako težko priti do enoznačnega odgovora. Vsi si želimo svet brez bolezni in trpljenja, ampak tako pomembnih vprašanj kot sta evtanazija in pomoč pri samomoru, ne gre uzakoniti kar čez noč. Potrebno je veliko vloženega truda, volje, motivacije in dialogov. Stališče družbe v Sloveniji je bilo dalj časa nespremenjeno in močno zasidrano v ideji, da nam ljudem ni dana pravica, da odločamo o tem kdaj in kako bomo umrli, ampak je skoraj nujno, da pustimo življenju, da teče svojo pot. Vsaka morebitna razprava o možnosti legalizacije evtanazije in/ali pomoči pri samomoru je bila velikokrat že takoj zatrta, brez ustreznih rešitev in izboljšav za prihodnost. Vendar pa smo v zadnjem času tudi na tem področju naredili ogromen korak naprej in bili kot družba seznanjeni s prvim predlogom uzakonitve pomoči pri prostovoljnem končanju življenja, ki ga je pripravilo Združenje za dostojno starost - Srebrna nit. Pot do konca ne bo lahka, a zagotovo smo kot družba primorani, da k tem vprašanjem pristopimo odgovorno in z največjo mero nepristranskosti.

Keywords

prostovoljno končanje življenja;avtonomija;evtanazija;pomoč pri samomoru;Združenje za dostojno starost - Srebrna nit;Zakon o pomoči pri prostovoljnem končanju življenja;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
UDC: 342.761(043.3)
COBISS: 124486147 Link will open in a new window
Views: 21
Downloads: 7
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: The autonomy and dignity of a human at the end of life: legal and ethical dilemmas
Secondary abstract: Probably, regardless of where we live in the world, we have similar desires, to be healthy, happy, satisfied, independent, to make our own decisions about our lives. The first and last of these wishes are also the main concerns of medicine. With the help of medicine, diseases are cured, suffering is alleviated and, as far as possible, chronic diseases are controlled. With all this, the autonomy of the patient is increasingly encouraged. However, we cannot talk about the autonomy of the individual at the time of dying, because for the time being in the Republic of Slovenia, the individual is not guaranteed the constitutional right to decide on the moment and manner of his death. Such a right cannot be found even in international documents, although many define it as a fundamental human right. Euthanasia, a word of Greek origin, means good, easy death. Much of the confusion surrounding the contemporary euthanasia debate can be traced to the imprecise definition of the term. In fact, even today we cannot talk about a single definition of the terms euthanasia and assisted suicide, which often causes massive frustration and many dilemmas among the public. Nevertheless, there are countries that have overcome these enormous obstacles, taken a giant step forward and legislated the possibility of voluntary end of life. As a result of the epidemic, it is not surprising that these possibilities have recently been discussed out loud in many countries, and that some countries, following the example of other countries, have even crossed the finish line and legislated these issues. In this context, it will be interesting to monitor the development of theory and practice in the event of possible controversies of such an arrangement. The dilemmas that accompany questions about the end of life, and especially those about voluntary ending of life, are necessary and extremely important for society. The core of the problem of voluntarily ending life is expressed through dilemmas, which can only be resolved through joint conversations and productive professional discussions. It is imperative that we listen and hear all sides of these questions, because only in this way will society also be able to understand how and why it is so difficult to come to a single answer. We all want a world without disease and suffering, but such important issues as euthanasia and assisted suicide cannot be legislated overnight. It takes a lot of effort, will, motivation and dialogues. For a long time, the position of society in Slovenia was unchanged and strongly anchored in the idea that we humans are not given the right to decide when and how we will die, but it is almost necessary to let life take its course. Any possible discussion about the possibility of legalizing euthanasia and/or assisted suicide has often been immediately suppressed, without adequate solutions and improvements for the future. However, recently we have also taken a huge step forward in this area and as a society were aware of the first proposal for the legalization of assistance in the voluntary end of life, which was prepared by the Association for Aging with Dignity - Silver Thread. The road to the end will not be easy, but we are certainly forced as a society to approach these issues responsibly and with the greatest degree of impartiality.
Secondary keywords: voluntary end of life;autonomy;euthanasia;assisted suicide;Association for a dignified old age – Srebrna nit;Act on Assistance in Voluntary End of Life;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Source comment: Sistemske zahteve: Acrobat reader
System comment: Sistemske zahteve: Acrobat reader
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF ([79] str.))
ID: 16398462