diplomsko delo
Anja Verbanec (Author), Jana Murovec (Mentor)

Abstract

Orhideje so okrasne rastline, ki jih okužuje veliko virusov. Ti se lahko prenašajo z mehansko inokulacijo, razmnoževanjem okuženih rastlin ali s stikom med virusno in zdravo rastlino. Virusi zmanjšajo vitalnost orhidej, njihovo število v populaciji in povzročajo negativne ekonomske in gospodarske posledice pri gojenih orhidejah. Najbolj razširjena sta Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) in Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV). Najbolj pogosto uporabljen test za detekcijo virusov pri gojenih orhidejah je test ELISA, ki ga uporabljajo predvsem komercialni laboratoriji. V uporabi sta DAS- in DASI-ELISA. Obstajajo sicer tudi hitrejši testi, ki se lahko izvajajo kar v rastlinjaku. Tak primer je test Agdia ImmunoStrip, ki se ga izvede v približno 15 minutah. Z njim lahko preverimo prisotnost večih virusov. Potem, ko odkrijemo prisotnost virusa, ga lahko z različnimi tehnikami odstranimo in tako gojimo brezvirusne orhideje. Eliminacijo lahko izvedemo z uporabo termoterapije in vivo in različnih tehnik gojenja in vitro. Slednje so kultura meristemov, termoterapija, kemoterapija, krioterapija, elektroterapija, selekcija protokormu podobnih teles (PLB) in kultura s tankim prerezom (TS). V treh izvirnih znanstvenih člankih bomo zasledili različne tehnike rastlinskih tkivnih kultur za vzgojo brezvirusnih rastlin in njihovo uspešnost. V prvem članku je od 100 izoliranih meristemov le 17 uspešno razvilo PLB in od 3. subkultivacije dalje, je bilo 18 PLB linj brezvirusnih. V drugem članku je bilo od 172 inokuliranih meristemov 148 brezvirusnih. Preživelost različnih velikosti meristemov je po enem mesecu padla na 0–50 %. V zadnjem članku so kot izsečki za in vitro kulturo uporabila semena orhidej. Na štirih različnih gojiščih so raziskovalci subkultivirali posamezne protokorme, meristemske vršičke in umetna semena.

Keywords

biotehnologija;orhideje;kultura meristemov;virusi;tkivne kulture;tehnike gojenja;brezvirusne rastline;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [A. Verbanec]
UDC: 606:631.532:57.086:582.581.1(043.2)
COBISS: 125355011 Link will open in a new window
Views: 24
Downloads: 12
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Production of virus-free orchids by various plant tissue culture techniques
Secondary abstract: Orchids are ornamental plants that are infected by many viruses. They can be transmitted by mechanical inoculation, by the reproduction of infected plants or by contact between the virus and a healthy plant. Viruses reduce orchid vigour and population numbers, and have negative economic consequences for cultivated orchids. The most widespread are Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV). The most commonly used test for detecting viruses in cultivated orchids is the ELISA test, which is mainly used by commercial laboratories. DAS- and DASI-ELISA are in use. There are also quicker tests that can be carried out in the greenhouse. An example is the Agdia ImmunoStrip test, which can be performed in about 15 minutes. It can check for the presence of several viruses. Once the presence of the virus is detected, it can be removed using various techniques to grow virus-free orchids. Elimination can be achieved using in vivo thermotherapy and various in vitro culturing techniques. These are meristem culture, thermotherapy, chemotherapy, cryotherapy, electrotherapy, protocorm-like body (PLB) selection and thin section (TS) culture. In three original scientific papers, we will trace the different plant tissue culture techniques for growing virus-free plants and their success. In the first paper, out of 100 meristems isolated, only 17 successfully developed PLBs and from the 3rd subculture onwards, 18 PLBs lines were virus-free. In the second paper, 148 of 172 inoculated meristems were virus-free. The survival rate of the different meristem sizes dropped to 0-50% after one month. In the last paper, orchid seeds were used as in vitro culture cuttings. The researchers subcultured individual protocorms, meristem tips and artificial seeds on four different media.
Secondary keywords: biotechnology;tissue culture techniques;orchids;virus-free plants;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 18 f.))
ID: 16429393