diplomsko delo
Jaka Jošt (Author), Janez Žibert (Reviewer), Tina Starc (Mentor), Aleš Kaučič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Presejalni programi spadajo v onkološko sekundarno preventivo, kjer s čim preprostejšimi diagnostičnimi preiskavami iščemo predrakave ali začetne rakave spremembe. Izvajamo jih pri ljudeh, ki spadajo v rizično skupino za nastanek določenega rakavega obolenja. Rak pljuč je drugo najpogostejše rakavo obolenje na svetu glede pojavnosti in najpogostejši vzrok smrti zaradi raka. Presejalni programi za odkrivanje raka pljuč segajo v leto 1960, kjer je bila tehnologija odkrivanja omejena na citologijo sputuma in rentgensko slikanje pljuč. Z uporabo LDCT tehnike pri presejalnem programu pljuč je doza, ki jo prejme bolnik nižja kot če bi se izvedlo slikanje z običajnim protokolom za slikanje pljuč. Namen: Cilji diplomskega dela so raziskati vključitvene ter izključitvene kriterije za izbiro bolnikov, ki bi jih vključili v presejalni program, ter raziskati tehnične zahteve za vzpostavitev takšnega programa v Sloveniji. Metode dela: Uporabil sem deskriptivno metodo oz. opisno metodo dela in metodo sistematičnega pregleda literature. Ker tematika v Sloveniji še ni tako raziskana je bila moja naloga, da tematiko predstavim širši populaciji. Podatke sem pridobival na bibliografskih podatkovnih bazah COBISS, PubMed CENTRAL, Springer Link, Science Direct, Dikul, Medline in CHINAL. Rezultati: Po pregledu omenjenih podatkovnih baz sem pridobili zadetke, ki so ustrezali vključitvenim in izključitvenim kriterijem. Pri pisanju diplomskega dela smo uporabili 57 člankov, ki sistematično in nazorno opisujejo pomen presejalnega programa z vsemi tehničnimi lastnostmi. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi rezultatov smo ugotovili, da so slovenske bolnišnice opremljene z dvanajstimi visoko-tehnološkimi CT aparati, ki ustrezajo vsem smernicam in priporočilom in jih v določenih parametrih presegajo. Ugotovili smo, da CT protokol slikanja prsnih organov, ki je v uporabi na Kliničnem inštitutu za radiologijo, Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra v Ljubljani presega protokole slikanja, ki so jih raziskovalci navedli v pomembnih Evropskih pilotnih študijah. Izdelal sem tabele s katerimi sem prikazal kakšna bi bila pot preiskovanca od začetne faze programa do slikanja z LDCT protokolom. Na podlagi vseh rezultatov in tabel, ki sem jih prikazal v diplomskem delu, smo ugotovili, da imamo v Sloveniji dovolj visokozmogljivih CT aparatov za izvajanje presejalnega programa in da bi se program glede na incidenco in umrljivost lahko začel izvajati tudi v Sloveniji.

Keywords

diplomska dela;radiološka tehnologija;presejalni programi;rak pljuč;LDCT;CT;sevalna obremenitev;protokoli slikanja;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [J. Jošt]
UDC: 616-07
COBISS: 121297667 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 7
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Lung cancer screening programe [!] using computed tomography
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Screening programmes are part of oncology secondary prevention, where we look for precancerous or incipient cancerous lesions with the simplest possible diagnostic tests. They are carried out in people who are at risk of developing a particular cancer. Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide in terms of incidence and the most common cause of cancer death. Lung cancer screening programmes date back to the 1960s, when detection technology was limited to sputum cytology and lung X-ray. By using the low dose computed tomography (LDCT) technique in lung screening, the dose to the patient is lower than if imaging had been performed using a conventional lung imaging protocol. Purpose: The aims of this thesis are to investigate the inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting patients to be included in the screening programme and to investigate the technical requirements for establishing such a programme in Slovenia. Methods: Since the topic has not been studied in Slovenia, our task was to introduce the topic to a wider population. The data were retrieved from the bibliographic databases COBISS, PubMed CENTRAL, Springer Link, Science Direct, Dikul, Medline and CHINALResults: In writing the thesis, we used 54 articles that systematically and illustratively describe the importance of screening with all technical features. Discussion and conclusion: We found that the CT protocol for thoracic imaging used at the Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia, exceeds the imaging protocols reported by researchers in important European pilot studies. We have produced tables to show what the pathway would be for a subject from the initial phase of the programme to imaging with the LDCT protocol. Based on all the results and tables presented in the thesis, we concluded that we have enough high-throughput CT machines in Slovenia to implement the screening programme and that the programme could be launched in Slovenia, given the incidence and mortality rates.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;radiologic technology;screening programmes;lung cancer;LDCT;CT;radiation exposure;imaging protocols;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo
Pages: 76 str.
ID: 16458524