diplomsko delo
Abstract
Uvod: Rentgensko slikanje je proces, kjer z uporabo ionizirajočega sevanja oziroma
rentgenske svetlobe prikažemo želeni organ ali del telesa. Ionizirajoče sevanje lahko
povzroči škodljive učinke na zdravje izpostavljene osebe, zaradi tega uporabljamo različne
načine, da bi prejeto dozo izpostavljene osebe zmanjšali. Namen: Z diplomsko nalogo smo
želeli ugotoviti, kako sprememba anodne napetosti in uporaba dodatne filtracije aluminija in
bakra, vpliva na dozo pacienta pri slikanju pljuč v dveh projekcijah. Metode dela: Izvedli
smo slikanje pljuč v PA in stranski projekciji z lastno filtracijo rentgenske cevi, nato smo
dodajali dodatne filtre iz bakra in aluminija. Pri tem smo merili produkt doze in površine
slikovnega polja (DAP). Izračunali smo še efektivno dozo (ED) in dozo na organe s
programom PCXMC 2.0, ki uporablja Monte Carlo simulacijo. To smo naredili z namenom,
da ugotovimo zvezo med DAP-om in efektivno dozo ter dozo na organe. Rezultati: Na
podlagi rezultatov meritev smo ugotovili, da se ob povečevanju anodne napetosti, poveča
tudi DAP. Ugotovili smo tudi, da se ob povečevanju debeline dodatne filtracije bakra, DAP
zmanjša, doza na organe pa se poveča. Prav tako se prispevek k efektivni dozi poveča.
Največ doze v PA projekciji prejmejo pljuča, požiralnik, nadledvične žleze in vranica.
Največ doze v stranski projekciji prejmejo dojke, nadledvične žleze in vranica. Najmanj
doze v obeh projekcijah prejmejo jajčniki in moda. Pri računanju prispevkov k efektivni
dozi, smo ugotovili, da največ k efektivni dozi prispevajo pljuča in nadledvične žleze v PA
projekciji, ter pljuča, dojke, vranica in želodec v stranski projekciji. Razprava in zaključek:
Z diplomsko nalogo smo dokazali, da se ob večanju anodne napetosti veča tudi DAP. Prav
tako smo dokazali, da se ob uporabi večje debeline dodatne filtracije DAP zmanjšuje, doza
na organe pa se povečuje. Pri PA projekciji se je ED, ob uporabi dodatne filtracije Cu, pri
0,1 mm povečala, pri 0,2 mm in 0,3 mm pa zmanjšala. Pri stranski projekciji pa se je
povečala pri 0,1 mm in 0,2 mm, pri 0,3 mm pa se ni bistveno spremenila. Ob podanih
podatkih meritve lahko zaključimo, da bi dodatno filtracijo bilo smiselno uporabljati z
ozirom na dozo sevanja, ki jo prejme pacient.
Keywords
diplomska dela;radiološka tehnologija;slikanje pljuč;anodna napetost;filtracija;DAP;efektivna doza;
Data
Language: |
Slovenian |
Year of publishing: |
2022 |
Typology: |
2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis |
Organization: |
UL ZF - University College of Health Studies |
Publisher: |
[M. Hajdarević |
UDC: |
616-07 |
COBISS: |
121490691
|
Views: |
10 |
Downloads: |
4 |
Average score: |
0 (0 votes) |
Metadata: |
|
Other data
Secondary language: |
English |
Secondary title: |
Effect of added filtration and tube voltage on patiente [!] dose in PC radiography |
Secondary abstract: |
Introduction: X-ray imaging is a process where the desired organ or part of the body is
shown using ionizing radiation or X-rays. Ionizing radiation can cause harmful effects on
the health of the exposed person, therefore we use various methods to reduce the received
radiation dose. Purpose: With this diploma thesis, we want to find out how the change of
tube voltage and use of additional filtration of aluminum and copper, affects the patient's
dose when imaging the lungs in two projections. Methods: We performed PA lung imaging
and lateral projection with the inherent X-ray tube filtration, after which additional copper
and aluminum filters were added. The product of dose and surface area of the image field
(DAP) was measured. Also, we calculated the effective dose and the dose to the organs with
the PCXMC 2.0 program, which uses the Monte Carlo simulation. This was done in order
to determine if there are any relations between the DAP and the effective dose and the dose
to the organs. Results: Based on the measurement results, we found that DAP also increases
by increaseing the tube voltage. We also found that as the thickness of the additional copper
filtration increases, DAP decreases, while the dose to the organs increases. The contribution
to the effective dose is also increased. The lungs, esophagus, adrenal glands, and spleen
receive the highest doses in the PA projection. The breast, adrenal glands and spleen receive
the highest doses in lateral projection. Meanwhile, the ovaries and testicles receive the least
dose in both projections. When calculating the contributions to the effective dose, we found
that the lungs and adrenal glands in the PA projection, and the lungs, breast, spleen and
stomach in the lateral projection contribute the most to the effective dose. Discussion and
conclusion: With the diploma thesis we proved that DAP increases by increasing the tube
voltage. We have also shown that using a greater thickness of additional filtration reduces
DAP and increases the dose to the organs. In the PA projection, ED was increased at 0,1 mm
using additional Cu filtration, while it was decreased at 0,2 mm and 0,3 mm filtration. In the
lateral projection, however, it increased at 0,1 mm and 0,2 mm, but did not change
significantly at 0,3 mm. In the lateral projection, DAP and the dose on the organs increase.
Given the measurement data, we can conclude that the use of additional filtration would
make sense, with regard to the radiation dose received by the patient. |
Secondary keywords: |
diploma theses;radiologic technology;lung imaging;tube voltage;filtration;DAP;effective dose; |
Type (COBISS): |
Bachelor thesis/paper |
Study programme: |
0 |
Thesis comment: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo |
Pages: |
44 str. |
ID: |
16458533 |