Nevarnosti uporabe antibiotikov v živinoreji

diplomsko delo

Patricija Gregelj (Author), Tatjana Pirman (Reviewer), Romana Marinšek-Logar (Mentor)

Abstract

Uporaba antibiotikov zagotovo predstavlja enega izmed največjih uspehov na področju medicine in veterine v dvajsetem stoletju. Sprva so bili antibiotiki namenjeni le ljudem, kmalu pa so jih vpeljali tudi v veterinarsko prakso za zdravljenje bolnih živali. Naslednji korak je bil dodajanje majhnih količin antibiotikov v krmo živali, z namenom da bi izboljšali proizvodne lastnosti (hitrejša rast, boljše izkoriščanje krme, večja produktivnost). Cena antibiotikov je z leti padala, njihova uporaba pa je eksponentno naraščala. Dodajanje antibiotikov kot rastnih promotorjev se je izkazalo za izjemno uspešnega, vse do odkritja v humani medicini, da so nekateri mikroorganizmi postali odporni proti antibiotikom in da se odpornost prenaša s plazmidi. To je težava, ki je nastala zaradi prekomerne in neustrezne uporabe protimikrobnih sredstev v živinoreji in tudi v humani medicini, ki pa se ne konča tu – odporne bakterije so se dalje delile in širile gene za odpornost proti antibiotikom in z raznimi odplakami ter odpadki začele uhajati v okolje. Razvite države že uporabljajo različne rešitve, npr. ustrezne čistilne naprave, kompostiranje, nadomeščanje antibiotikov z alternativnimi protimikrobnimi snovmi, vse bolj se razvijajo tudi novejše tehnologije, ki direktno ciljajo na uničenje odpornih bakterij. Zavedati pa se moramo, da bo še bolj potrebno zmanjšati uporabo antibiotikov, tako v humani medicini kot tudi v živinoreji, da bomo lahko omejili širjenje proti antibiotikom odpornih bakterij.

Keywords

živinoreja;antibiotiki;uporaba;okolje;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[P. Gregelj]
UDC:	636.09:502/504(043.2)
COBISS:	122540291
Views:	6
Downloads:	1
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	ǂThe ǂdangers of using antibiotics in livestock breeding
Secondary abstract:	The use of antibiotics is certainly one of the greatest achievements in the field of human and veterinary medicine in the twentieth century. Initially, antibiotics were intended only for humans, but soon they were used in veterinary practice to treat sick animals. The next step was to add small amounts of antibiotics to animal feed to improve production characteristics (faster growth, better feed conversion, higher productivity). The price of antibiotics has decreased over the years, but their use has increased exponentially. The addition of antibiotics as growth promoters proved to be extremely successful until it was discovered in human medicine that some microorganisms became resistant to antibiotics and that resistance was transmitted through plasmids. This problem arose from the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry and also in human medicine, but it did not stop there - resistant bacteria continued to divide and spread antibiotic-resistant genes and began to enter the environment through sewage and waste. Various solutions are already being applied in developed countries, such as appropriate wastewater treatment plants, composting, replacing antibiotics with alternative antimicrobials, and newer technologies are being developed that directly target the destruction of resistant bacteria. However, we must be aware that it will be even more necessary to reduce the use of antibiotics in both human medicine and animal husbandry in order to contain the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Secondary keywords:	animal breeding;antibiotics;use;environment;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za zootehniko
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 21 str.))
ID:	16525480