Mikrobiom Sečoveljskih solin

magistrsko delo

Ivana Strmečki (Author), Nina Gunde-Cimerman (Reviewer), Polona Zalar (Mentor), Martina Turk (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Solarne soline sestavlja zaporedje bazenov, kjer se morska voda na račun izhlapevanja postopoma koncentrira do obarjanja halita, glavnega proizvoda dejavnosti. Po pobiranju halita ostane v bazenih grenčica, ki je zaradi vsebnosti visokih koncentracij magnezijevih soli do nedavnega veljala za aseptično okolje. Namen našega dela je opisati mikrobno pestrost v Sečoveljskih solinah (arheje, bakterije, glive, drugi evkarionti) v slanici različnih koncentracij in grenčici. Za detekcijo vseh omenjenih skupin razen drugih evkariontov smo uporabili klasične gojitvene pristope in izolate identificirali s pomočjo molekularnih označevalcev. Za vse omenjene skupine smo uporabili tudi od gojenja neodvisen metagenomski pristop s sekvenciranjem kratkih pomnožkov (sekvenciranje naslednje generacije oz. NGS). Iz slanice smo identificirali 34 glivnih izolatov iz 7 rodov, iz grenčice pa 2 izolata iz 2 rodov. Med njimi prevladujejo glive iz debla Ascomycota, najštevilčnejši so rodovi Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, ter bazidiomicetni rod Wallemia. Prisotne so tudi črne (Dothideales) in nemelanizirane asko- in bazidiomicetne kvasovke. S sekvenciranjem kratkih pomnožkov regije ITS2 smo zaznali prisotnost 73 različnih rodov gliv, med njimi ni bilo črnih kvasovk. Iz slanic različnih slanosti smo izolirali 45 bakterijskih izolatov, iz rodov Bacillus, Chromohalobacter, Cobetia, Halomonas, Larsenimonas, Salicola, Salinicola in Staphylococcus ter 7 arhej rodov Halorubrum in Halococcus. V slanici in grenčici kristalizacijskih bazenov smo s sekvenciranjem kratkih pomnožkov variabilnih regij 16S rDNA pokazali prevlado bakterijskih rodov Salinibacter in Salinivenus, ter rodu arhej Halorubrum. Z naraščajočo slanostjo alfa diverziteta bakterij, arhej in ostalih evkariontov pada, medtem ko je alfa-diverziteta gliv najnižja pri vmesnih slanostih (10–20 % NaCl).

Keywords

soline;slanica;grenčica;halofili;glive;bakterije;arheje;gojitveni pristop;metagenomski pristop;sekvenciranje naslednje generacije;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[I. Strmečki]
UDC:	579.26:574.5:551.35
COBISS:	125585667
Views:	50
Downloads:	16
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Microbiome of Sečovlje salterns
Secondary abstract:	Solar salterns consist of a series of basins in which seawater is gradually concentrated until precipitation of table salt or halite, the main product of the activity, occurs. After the collection of halite, the basins remain with bittern, until recently considered an aseptic environment due to its high content of magnesium salts. The aim of our work was to describe the microbial diversity in the Sečovlje salterns (archaea, bacteria, fungi, other eukaryotes) present in the brine of various concentrations and in the bittern. For the detection of all mentioned groups, except for the other eukaryotes, we used classical cultivation methods and identification of pure cultures with molecular markers. For all the above mentioned groups, we also used the cultivation independent metagenomic approach with amplicon sequencing (next generation sequencing or NGS). With cultivation we identified 34 fungal isolates (7 genera) from brines and two isolates (two genera) from bitterns. Among them, fungi from the phylum Ascomycota predominate, with the most numerous genera being Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and the basidiomycetous genus Wallemia. Black yeasts (Dothideales) and non-melanized asco- and basidiomycete yeasts are also present. Using amplicon sequencing of the ITS2 region, we detected 73 fungal genera, however we did not detect black yeasts. From brines of different salinity we isolated 45 bacterial isolates from the genera Bacillus, Chromohalobacter, Cobetia, Halomonas, Larsenimonas, Salicola, Salinicola and Staphylococcus, and 7 archaea from the genera Halorubrum and Halococcus. Using amplicon sequencing of the variable regions of 16S rDNA, we showed that in the brine and bittern within the crystallization ponds, the predominant bacterial genera are Salinibacter and Salinivenus, while the predominant archaeal genus is Halorubrum. As salinity increases, alpha diversity of bacteria, archaea and other eukaryotes decreases, while alpha diversity of fungi is lowest at moderate salinity (10–20 % NaCl).
Secondary keywords:	salterns;brine;bittern;halophiles;fungi;bacteria;archaea;classical approach;metagenomic approach;next generation sequencing;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za mikrobiologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XV, 103 str., [35] f. pril.))
ID:	16688390