Japonske reforme

Abstract

V japonski družbi obstajata dve tendenci - del sprememb gre v smeri značilnosti zahodnih družb, del sprememb še vedno odraža japonske posebnosti. Ocenjevanje spremembe (vsake, ne le) japonske družbe z vidika konvergenčne in nekonvergenčne teorije pa je koristno - ob predpostavki, da smo odprti za argumente obeh, ne le ene "resnične" teorije. Korist je v tem, ker vsaka poudarja en del značilnosti, in ko spoznamo obe plati, lahko lažje izoblikujemo svoje stališče. Zavedati pa se moramo, da vsaka teorija, bodisi konvergenčna, ki poveličuje vlogo trga in konkurenčnega boja, bodisi nekonvergenčna, ki poudarja vlogo institucij, zelo odseva vrednote, ideologijo, celo metodološko in disciplinarno usmerjenost oziroma pristranost njenih tvorcev oziroma pristašev in zagovornikov. Pomembnost konvergenčne teorije je v neprestanem opominjanju na velik pomen tržne konkurence in tržne logike v gospodarstvu, pa tudi v politiki in na drugih družbenih področjih. Vse večji del svetovnih dogajanj, zlasti gospodarskih, pa tudi procesov v skoraj vsaki državi, ki je stopila na pot razvoja, ni mogoče razumeti, če se osredotočimo samo na institucije in pozabimo na trg. Pomembnost nekonvergenčnih zagovornikov, ki trdijo, da se Japonska bistveno ne spreminja,je v tem, da opozarjajo na dolgotrajnost in trdoživost navad, politik, vzorcev obnašanja in delovanja. Njihova pomanjkljivost pa je v zanemarjanju in podcenjevanju trga, moči konkurence, tržnega povpraševanja. Težko verjamejo, da se lahko še tako dobro utečena razmerja in dolgoletna prepričanja čez noč spremenijo in pozabijo.

Keywords

Japonska;reforme;modernizacija;teorija konvergence;politične spremembe;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	1999
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	UL FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
Publisher:	Fakulteta za sociologijo, politične vede in novinarstvo v Ljubljani
UDC:	338
COBISS:	19127389
ISSN:	0040-3598
Parent publication:	Teorija in praksa
Views:	942
Downloads:	239
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	Unknown
Secondary abstract:	There are two tendencies inherent in Japanese society - a part of changes is directed toward characteristics of Western societies and a part of changes still reflects Japanese uniqueness. Judging the changes (of every and not only) Japanese society from the perspective of convergence and divergence theory, seems to be useful - supposing that we are opened for the arguments ofboth sides. The benefit is in the fact that both sides emphasise a part of the characteristics, and when we recognise both sides, we can easier take up apoint of view. However, we have to take into account that every theory, whether the convergence theory, which emphasises the role of market and competition or the divergence theory, which emphasises the role of institutions, reflects values, ideology and even methodological and disciplinary orientation and biases of their formers, followers and defenders.The importance of convergence theory is in the constant reminding ofthe great importance of the market competition and market logic in economy, as well as in the politics and other social areas. Today, a great deal of world-wide events, especially economical ones, cannot be understood with emphasising only institutions and neglecting market. On the other hand, the importance of divergence defenders, who claim that Japanese society is not changing essentially, is in calling attention to the lastingness and persistence of habits, policies, patterns of behaviour and agency. However, their weakness is in neglecting and underestimating market, competition power and market demands. It is hardly believable that initiated relations and long lasting convictions can change and be forgotten overnight.
Secondary keywords:	Japan;reform;modernization;convergence theory;political change;
URN:	URN:NBN:SI
Type (COBISS):	Not categorized
Pages:	str. 260-273
Volume:	ǂLet. ǂ36
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ2
Chronology:	apr. 1999
ID:	1750216