Fuzija

diplomsko delo

Igor Košak (Author), Boris Aberšek (Mentor)

Abstract

Diplomsko delo opisuje fuzijo z vidika energetike. Opisane so potrebe po električni energiji v Sloveniji in Svetu. Predstavljene so nekatere konvencionalne in nekonvencionalne elektrarne, ki trenutno proizvedejo največji delež skupno proizvedene električne energije. Predstavljena je fuzija na Soncu, kjer je zaradi visoke temperature vsa snov v stanju plazme. Na Soncu se štirje protoni zlijejo v helijevo jedro, pri čemer je masa helijevega jedra za 0,7 % manjša od mase štirih protonov, kar pomeni, da se je masa po enačbi E = mc2 pretvorila v energijo. Razlaga fuzije na Soncu je privedla do proučevanja možnosti uporabe fuzije na Zemlji. Najprej je predstavljen princip delovanja fuzijske bombe, katere uspešnost je privedla do uporabe fuzije za pridobivanje električne energije. Kot najbolj primerno gorivo za fuzijsko elektrarno se uporabljata tritij in devterij, ki ju na Zemlji ni težko pridobiti. Za potek fuzije na Zemlji je potrebna temperatura okoli 100 milijonov K, zato je potrebno plazmo z mešanico devterija in tritija omejiti tako, da se ne dotika sten reaktorja v fuzijski elektrarni. Na podlagi tega so razvili dva glavna tipa fuzijskih reaktorjev in sicer stelerator in tokamak. Tokamak se uporablja v večini poskusnih reaktorjev in bo uporabljen tudi v elektrarni projekta ITER. Gre za projekt, ki bo dokončno dokazal ali ovrgel možnost uporabe fuzije za pridobivanje električne energije. V sklopu diplomskega dela je tudi nakazano, kje v učnih načrtih tehnike in tehnologije v 8. razredu bi lahko vnesli fuzijo in kako bi učna ura potekala.

Keywords

energetika;elektrarna;fuzija;plazma;fuzijska bomba;devterji;tritij;fuzijski reaktor;projekt ITER;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2010
Source:	Maribor
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher:	[I. Košak]
UDC:	62(043.2)
COBISS:	18046216
Views:	5299
Downloads:	346
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	FUSION
Secondary abstract:	The diploma thesis describes fusion from the point of view of energetics. The need for electrical energy in Slovenia and the world is described. Also some conventional and unconventional power plants are described, which at the moment produce the largest amount of collectively produced electrical energy. Another thing that is described is sun's fusion, where because of high temperatures the entire matter is in plasma state. On the sun, four protons merge into a helium core by which the mass of the helium core is 0,7 % smaller than the mass of four protons, which means that the mass, according to the equation E = mc2, has transformed into energy. The explanation of the sun's fusion has lead to researching the possibilities for using fusion on Earth. Firstly the principle of how a fusion bomb works is shown, the success of which lead to using fusion for creating electrical energy. As the most appropriate fuel for a fusion power plant, tritium and deuterium are used, both of which are easily obtained on Earth. In order to crate fusion on Earth a temperature of 100 million K is needed, this is why the plasma mix of tritium and deuterium needs to be confined in such a way that it does not touch the sides of the fusion power plant reactor. On the bases of this, two main fusion reactor types have been created, a stellarator and a tokamak. Tokamak is being used in the majority of experimental reactors and will also be used in the project ITER's power plant. The project will finally prove or disprove the possibility of using fusion for the production of electrical energy. Within the diploma thesis it is also indicated where in the lesion plans for the engineering and technology for the eighth grade fusion could be implemented and how the lesson would proceed.
Secondary keywords:	energetics;power plant;fusion;plasma;fusion bomb;deuterium;tritium;fusion reactor;project ITER;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za tehniko
Pages:	[IV], 56 f.
Keywords (UDC):	applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;engineering;technology in general;inženirstvo;tehnologija na splošno;
ID:	18962