diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Kaja Gajšt (Author), Mateja Primožič (Mentor), Maja Leitgeb (Co-mentor), Katja Heržič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Zdravilne gobe se zaradi bogate sestave z bioaktivnimi spojinami, ki izkazujejo spekter zdravilnih lastnosti, vedno bolj uveljavljajo kot naravni vir zdravilnih učinkovin. Več raziskav dokazuje, da zdravilne gobe, kot sta Pleurotus ostreatus in Ganoderma lucidum, vsebujejo antioksidativne učinkovine. Diplomsko delo opisuje pridobivanje intracelularnih encimov iz razraščenih micelijev P. ostreatus in G. lucidum s homogeniziranjem in z izpostavljanjem v superkritičnem ogljikovem dioksidu (SC CO2). Osredotočili smo se na encime z antioksidativnim delovanjem, in sicer superoksid dismutazo, katalazo in peroksidazo ter proučevali njihovo aktivnost v pripravljenih vzorcih, ki smo jih pridobili iz gob z uporabo različnih metod za pridobivanje intracelularnih encimov. Zanimal nas je vpliv posamezne metode za pridobitev intracelularnih komponent iz micelija gob (homogenizacija ali izpostavitev v SC CO2) in uporabljenih parametrov (čas izpostavitve in tlak; v primeru uporabe SC CO2) na koncentracijo proteinov in aktivnost navedenih encimov v pridobljenih vzorcih. Rezultati kažejo, da smo tako z uporabo homogenizatorja kakor tudi z izpostavitvijo micelija gob v SC CO2 uspešno odprli glivne celice saj smo v teh vzorcih določili višjo koncentracijo proteinov kot v primeru klasične ekstrakcije micelija gliv s pufrom (primerjalni vzorec). V vzorcih pridobljenih s homogenizacijo oz. izpostavljanjem v SC CO2 smo določili višjo aktivnost superoksid dismutaze in prisotnost katalaze, medtem ko je bila aktivnost peoksidaze nižja kot v primerjalnem vzorcu. Najvišjo aktivnost encimov smo zaznali v vzorcih, ki so bili izpostavljeni v SC CO2 pri 200 bar 5 ur. Ugotovili smo, da koncentracija proteinov v vzorcih s časom homogeniziranja in inkubiranja v SC CO2 ter z naraščanjem tlaka z izpostavitvijo v SC CO2 narašča.

Keywords

antioksidativni encimi;odpiranje celic;superkritični ogljikov dioksid;homogeniziranje;Ganoderma lucidum;Pleurotus ostreatus;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher: [K. Gajšt]
UDC: 664.644.5:616-006.6(043.2)
COBISS: 166386691 Link will open in a new window
Views: 77
Downloads: 10
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Activity of intracellular enzymes from mushrooms with anticancer activity
Secondary abstract: Due to their rich composition with bioactive compounds that exhibit a spectrum of medicinal properties, medicinal mushrooms are increasingly gaining ground as a natural source of medicinal agents. Several studies have shown that medicinal mushrooms such as Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum contain antioxidant agents. The thesis describes the extraction of intracellular enzymes from grown mycelia of P. ostreatus and G. lucidum by homogenization and exposure to supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2). We focused on enzymes with antioxidant activity, namely superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase, and studied their activity in prepared samples obtained from mushrooms using different methods for obtaining intracellular enzymes. We were interested in the influence of each method for obtaining intracellular components from mushroom mycelium (homogenization or exposure in SC CO2) and the parameters used (exposure time and pressure–in the case of using SC CO2) on the concentration of proteins and the activity of the mentioned enzymes in the obtained samples. The results show that both, the use of the homogeniser and the exposure of the fungal mycelia to SC CO2, successfully opened the fungal cells, as we determined a higher concentration of proteins in these samples than in the case of the classical extraction of the mushroom mycelium with a buffer (comparative sample). In samples obtained by homogenization or by exposure to SC CO2, we determined a higher activity of superoxide dismutase and the presence of catalase, while the activity of peoxidase was lower than in the comparative sample. The highest enzyme activity was detected in samples exposed to SC CO2 at 200 bar for 5 hours. We have found that the concentration of proteins in the samples increases with the time of homogenization, with the incubation time in SC CO2 and with the exposure pressure in SC CO2.
Secondary keywords: antioxidative enzymes;cell disruption;supercritical carbon dioxide;homogenization;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 44 f.))
ID: 19799869