Izolacija keratina iz odpadne biomase s kislinsko hidrolizo

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Ana Katarina Kovačič (Author), Mojca Škerget (Mentor), Maja Čolnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Odpadno perje in volna predstavljata okolju škodljiv odpadek in zato zbujata zanimanje znanstvenikov za njuno predelavo v vredne produkte. Sestavljena sta v večini iz keratina, ki je koristen biorazgradljiv protein s širokim spektrom uporabe. Razvite so bile številne metode za ekstrakcijo kertina, med katerimi se je za hitro in enostavno izkazala kislinska hidroliza. V okviru diplomske naloge smo izvajali izolacijo keratina iz odpadnega perja in volne. Za razgradnjo perja in volne smo izbrali kislinsko hidrolizo z močnima kislinama HCl in H2SO4 pri temperaturah 80 in 90 °C, različnih koncentracijah raztopine (1 M, 3 M, 6 M) in reakcijskih časih 1 in 2 h. Nastale produkte po kislinski hidrolizi smo analizirali s FTIR spektroskopijo in potrdili prisotnost keratina. Molekulske mase smo določali s SDS-PAGE elektroforezo in so bile v območju od 3,5 do 18 kDa. Z merjenjem zeta potenciala smo ugotovili, da imamo nestabilne suspenzije keratina, kjer se delci gibljejo med 1100 in 8600 nm. Suspenzije keratina so pokazale antioksidativne aktivnosti med 25 in 50 % medtem ko pa so bile njihove električne prevodnosti v območju od 0,1 do 6 mS/cm. Ugotovili smo, da z višanjem temperature in koncentracije raztopine kisline dosežemo višji izkoristek keratinskega produkta. Kislinska hidroliza s HCl daje zelo nizke izkoristke (največ do 8 %), zato sklepamo, da je za hidrolizo primernejša H2SO4, kjer dobimo nekoliko višje izkoristke (največ do 17 %), ki pa so tudi precej nizki.

Keywords

odpadna biomasa;perje;volna;keratin;kislinska hidroliza;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2023
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[A. K. Kovačič]
UDC:	66.094.941:547.962.9(043.2)
COBISS:	170979587
Views:	61
Downloads:	3
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Isolation of keratin from waste biomass using acid hydrolysis
Secondary abstract:	Feathers and wool waste are environmentally harmful and therefore attract the interest of scientists to convert them into valuable products. They are mostly composed of keratin, a beneficial biodegradable protein with a wide range of applications. Numerous methods have been developed for keratin extraction, of which acid hydrolysis has been shown to be rapid and simple. As part of the diploma thesis, we isolated keratin from feather and wool waste. Feathers and wool were decomposed by acid hydrolysis with HCl and H2SO4 at temperatures of 80 and 90 °C with different solution concentrations (1 M, 3 M, 6 M) in reaction times of 1 and 2 h. The products of acid hydrolysis were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy, confirming the presence of keratin. Molecular masses were determined using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and ranged from 3.5 to 18 kDa. Measuring the zeta potential, we found that we obtained unstable keratin suspensions with particles ranging in size from 1100 to 8600 nm. Keratin suspensions also exhibited antioxidant properties ranging from 25 to 50 %, while their electrical conductivitiy ranged from 0.1 to 6 mS/cm. We concluded that increasing the temperature and concentration of the acid solution results in higher keratin efficiency. Acid hydrolysis with HCl leads to a relatively low efficiency (up to 8 %), therefore we conclude that H2SO4 is more suitable and achieves higher efficiency (up to 17 %), although also rather low.
Secondary keywords:	waste biomass;feathers;wool;keratin;acid hydrolysis;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (X, 38 f.))
ID:	19835222