Hidrotermično recikliranje volnenih tekstilnih odpadkov

magistrsko delo

Urška Vtič (Author), Mojca Škerget (Mentor), Maja Čolnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V magistrskem delu smo odpadno barvno in brezbarvno volno hidrotermično reciklirali in s tem želeli pridobiti čimvišje izkoristke in molekulske mase nastalih keratinskih produktov. Prav tako pa je bil naš namen, da bi z različnimi tehnikami uspešno razbarvali barvne volnene odpadke. Izolacija keratina iz volnenih tekstilnih odpadkov s podkritično vodo je tako potekala pri temperaturi 180 in 200 °C ter reakcijskem času 10, 30 in 50 minut, kot material pa je bila uporabljena modra, oranžna in brezbarvna volna. Rezultati so pokazali, da je bil najvišji izkoristek (84,55 %) keratina dosežen v primeru modre volne pri pogojih 200 °C in 50 minut. Najnižji izkoristek keratina (19,38 %) pa smo dosegli v primeru oranžne volne pri 180 °C ter 10 minut. Pridobljene keratinske produkte smo ustrezno okarakterizirali s FTIR-ATR spektroskopijo ter jim s pomočjo SDS-PAGE elektroforeze določili molekulske mase, ki so v vseh primerih znašale med 3,5 in 15 kDa. Tekom razgradnje v podkritični vodi smo sicer ugotovili, da so barvila iz odpadne barvne volne še vedno prisotna v reakcijski mešanici, a niso bistveno vplivala na lastnosti keratinskega produkta. Tako smo v nadaljevanju barvne volnene odpadke poskušali razbarvati še z uporabo nadkritičnega CO2. Pri tem se je odstranilo le 9,6 % oranžnega barvila in samo 4,8 % modrega barvila. Volno smo poskusili razbarvati še s pomočjo ocetne kisline, vodikovega peroksida, amonijevega persulfata in 0,4 % natrijevega hipoklorita. Pri hidrolizi z ocetno kislino smo ugotovili, da je razbarvanje odvisno od količine dodane kisline, saj se je največ barvila (11,74 %) odstranilo v primeru dodatka 4 mL ocetne kisline (k 40 mL vode v reaktorju), kjer pa smo že opazili začetno razgradnjo materiala v keratinske produkte. Vidno razbarvanje odpadne modre in oranžne volne pa smo dosegli z dodatkom vodikovega peroksida in amonijevega persulfata, a smo v nadaljevanju prav tako ugotovili, da je tekom razbarvanja prišlo do deformacije materiala.

Keywords

odpadna volna;keratin;razbarvanje;elektroforeza;FTIR-ATR spektroskopija;podkritična voda;nadkritični CO2;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2023
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[U. Vtič]
UDC:	66.09:677.318(043.2)
COBISS:	167459843
Views:	67
Downloads:	12
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Hydrothermal recycling of wool textile waste
Secondary abstract:	In this study the recycled coloured and colourless wool waste was hydrothermally recycled in order to maximise the yields and molecular weights of the keratin products. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate different techniques for decoloring woolen waste. The isolation of keratin from wool textile waste with subcritical water was carried out at 180 and 200 °C with reaction times of 10, 30 and 50 minutes, using blue, orange and colourless wool as the material. The results showed that the highest keratin yield (84.55 %) was obtained in the case of blue wool at 200 °C and 50 minutes. The lowest keratin yield (19.38 %) was obtained in the case of orange wool at 180 °C and 10 min. The keratin products obtained were characterised by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and their molecular weights were determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, which in all cases ranged between 3.5 and 15 kDa. During the subcritical water degradation, it was found that the dyes from the waste dye wool were still present in the reaction mixture but did not significantly affect the properties of the keratin product. Furthermore, we tried to decolourise the coloured wool waste using supercritical CO2. This removed only 9.6 % of the orange dye and only 4.8 % of the blue dye. The wool was further decoloured with acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulphate and 0.4 % sodium hypochlorite. In the case of hydrolysis with acetic acid, we found that the decolourisation depended on the amount of acid added, since most of the dye (11.74 %) was removed in the case of the addition of 4 mL of acetic acid (to 40 mL of water in the reactor), where, however, we already observed an initial degradation of the material into keratin products. The visible decolourisation of the blue and orange wool waste was achieved by the addition of hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulphate, but it was also found later that the material was deformed during the decolourisation process.
Secondary keywords:	waste wool;keratin;decolourisation;electrophoresis;FTIR-ATR spectroscopy;subcritical water;supercritical CO2;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 48 f.))
ID:	19863018