diplomsko delo
Maša Ovnik (Author), Bojana Mesec (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomski nalogi sem se osredotočila na prispevek socialnih delavcev v strokovnem svetovanju paru na centru za socialno delo na področju vsakega izmed vidikov anksioznosti v partnerskem odnosu. Zanimalo me je, kakšne metode dela uporabljajo socialne delavke/delavci pri delu s pari, ki pokažejo določeno mero anksioznosti v partnerskem odnosu, s kakšnimi izzivi se srečujejo pri delu s pari, želela pa sem tudi ugotoviti, katere so tiste kompetence, ki jih potrebujejo socialne delavke/delavci pri delu s pari z anksioznostjo. V svojem teoretičnem delu se najprej dotaknem teorije o znanju za ravnanje v socialnem delu in predstavim nalogo centra za socialno delo, in sicer strokovno svetovanje paru. Nato predstavim anksioznost, opredelim partnerski odnos in zadovoljstvo v povezavi z njim, delo na dveh ravneh na področju dela z družino in koncept odpornosti kot izhodišče za soustvarjanje želenih sprememb. Nadaljujem s teorijo o navezanosti kot znanjem za ravnanje, predstavim samopodobo in k rešitvi usmerjen pristop v socialnem delu, nazadnje pa se dotaknem še travmatičnih izkušenj in pristopa, utemeljenega na razumevanju travme. Raziskava je kvalitativna in empirična, izvedla pa sem sedem intervjujev s socialnimi delavkami, zaposlenimi na centrih za socialno delo. V drugem delu diplomskega dela so predstavljeni rezultati, ki so pokazali, da socialne delavke pri svojem delu upoštevajo opravila in akte, ki jih za strokovno svetovanje paru predpisuje zakon. Socialne delavke menijo, da je delo v strokovnem svetovanju zahtevno, saj se ukvarjajo z reševanjem kompleksnih čustvenih težav partnerjev, poleg tega pa menijo, da je področje dela terapevtsko, zato potrebujejo poleg znanj socialnega dela tudi znanja drugih strok. Po mnenju večine socialnih delavk bi bilo potrebno izobraževanje o delu v strokovnem svetovanju paru, saj je ta naloga v veljavi relativno malo časa. Osebnostne lastnosti in kompetence, ki jih socialne delavke potrebujejo v strokovnem svetovanju paru, so empatija, razmejevanje lastnih čustev od situacije para, radovednost pri raziskovanju situacije para, komunikativnost, netoleranten odnos do nasilja in zlorab in usmerjenost k rešitvi. Socialne delavke menijo, da je za delo v strokovnem svetovanju paru potrebna strokovna usposobljenost ter kontinuirano izpopolnjevanje in izobraževanje za to področje dela. Sogovornice poznajo socialno delo z družino in metode dela na dveh ravneh, ki jih pri raziskovanju komunikacijskih vzorcev, pravil, vlog in odnosa para dosledno uporabljajo, svoj prispevek pri raziskovanju pa vidijo v skrbi za proces, v vzpostavitvi in ohranjanju strukture pogovora ter v uporabi različnih tehnik in veščin dela na dveh ravneh, pri čemer upoštevajo oba partnerja ter celoten kontekst. Socialnega delavke so mnenja, da pripomorejo k izboljšanju navezanosti para s tem, ko omogočijo nove in drugačne izkušnje tekom svetovalnega procesa in krepijo odpornost para, poleg tega pa pomagajo paru pri ozaveščanju drug drugega o medsebojni navezanosti. Prispevek k izboljšanju samopodobe enega ali obeh partnerjev vidijo v svojem delu s perspektive moči, iskanju virov moči para, komplimentih in pohvalah, vrednotenju že doseženih sprememb para ter krepitvi kongruentne komunikacije para. Pri tem se opirajo na k rešitvi usmerjen pristop in na uporabo metod tega pristopa, vendar so mnenja, da imajo še veliko prostora za izboljšave pri doslednem vnašanju metod v svoje delo. Za pristop, utemeljen na razumevanju travme so že slišale, vendar pa ga pri svojem delu ne uporabljajo bodisi zaradi pomanjkanja znanja o pristopu bodisi zaradi pomanjkanja izkušenj za delo s pari s travmatičnimi izkušnjami, v splošnem pa se za delo s travmo ne čutijo dovolj kompetentne. Pri delu v strokovnem svetovanju vidijo določene izzive, predvsem pomanjkanje časa za pogovore, pozornost na usklajevanje zakonodaje s pričakovanji parov, pomanjkanje izkušenj v svetovanju in naslavljanje motenj. Sama bi predlagala uvedbo izobraževanj za socialne delavke/delavce, ki bi se osredotočala na specifične pristope in metode dela v strokovnem svetovanju paru ali opravljanje izpita iz strokovnega svetovanja paru kot pogoj za izvajanje naloge na centru za socialno delo. Menim, da bi bilo potrebno razširiti kader na centrih za socialno delo z namenom preprečitve preobremenjenosti socialnih delavk/ delavcev ter izboljšanja kakovosti storitev. Predlagam tudi dodatna izobraževanja in pridobivanje znanja o psihologiji samopodobe in razvijanju pozitivne samopodobe ter sodelovanje na seminarjih in delavnicah, ki obravnavajo to temo. Predlagam vzpostavitev smernic in protokolov za uporabo metod k rešitvi usmerjenega pristopa v socialnem delu, ki bi socialnim delavkam/delavcem omogočali teoretično podlago in usmeritev pri delu s pari. V organizacije na področju socialnega varstva, šolstva in zdravstva bi sistematično uvedla pristop, utemeljen na razumevanju travme ter predlagala izobraževanje in usposabljanje vseh strokovnih delavk/delavcev na področju socialnega varstva, šolstva in zdravstva o pristopu, utemeljenem na razumevanju travme. Predlagam tesnejše in vzajemnejše sodelovanje med različnimi organizacijami ter strokovnjaki z namenom zagotavljanja celostne podpore in pomoči uporabnikom, ki so doživeli travmatične izkušnje. Na koncu pa bi bilo dobro vzpostaviti še kontinuirano podporo usposobljenih supervizorjev pri implementaciji novih praks dela s travmo.

Keywords

svetovanje paru;partnerski odnosi;anksioznost;stili navezanosti;samopodoba;travma;socialno delo;centri za socialno delo;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL FSD - Faculty of Social Work
Publisher: [M. Ovnik]
UDC: 364.624.6
COBISS: 204024579 Link will open in a new window
Views: 256
Downloads: 42
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Knowledge for Dealing With Anxiety Factors in Professional Couple Counselling at Social Work Centres
Secondary abstract: In my thesis, I focused on the contribution of social workers in providing professional counselling to couples at the social welfare centre regarding various aspects of anxiety in their relationship. I was interested in the methods employed by social workers in working with couples who experience a certain level of anxiety in their relationship, the challenges they face in working with such couples, and the competencies required by social workers in dealing with anxiety in couples. In the theoretical part, I first discuss the theory of knowledge for social work practice and present the role of the social welfare centre in providing professional counselling to couples. I then introduce anxiety, define the concept of a romantic relationship and relationship satisfaction, discuss the dual-level approach in family work, and explore the concept of resilience as a basis for co-creating desired changes. I further delve into attachment theory as knowledge for practice, present self-esteem and solution-focused approach in social work, and finally touch upon traumatic experiences and a trauma-informed approach. The research conducted for this thesis was qualitative and empirical, involving seven interviews with social workers employed at social welfare centres. The results presented in the second part of the thesis indicated that social workers consider the tasks and actions prescribed by law for professional counselling to couples in their work. They find professional counselling challenging as they deal with resolving complex emotional issues between partners. Furthermore, they view this field of work as therapeutic, requiring knowledge from various disciplines in addition to social work. According to most social workers, there is a need for education on professional counselling for couples since this task has been in effect for a relatively short time. The personal qualities and competencies identified by social workers as necessary for professional counselling with couples include empathy, separating their own emotions from the couple's situation, curiosity in exploring the couple's situation, communicativeness, zero tolerance for violence and abuse, and a solution-oriented approach. Social workers believe that professional competence, continuous improvement, and specialised education are essential for working with couples in professional counselling. The interviews are familiar with family social work and the dual-level approach, which they consistently apply when researching communication patterns, rules, roles, and the couple's relationship. They see their contribution in caring for the process, establishing and maintaining the structure of conversation, and utilising various techniques and skills within the dual-level approach, considering both partners and the overall context. Social workers believe they contribute to improving the couple's attachment by facilitating new and different experiences during the counselling process and strengthening the couple's resilience. They also help the couple become aware of their mutual attachment. They perceive their work from a strengths-based perspective when it comes to improving the self-esteem of one or both partners, searching for sources of strength in the couple, providing compliments and acknowledgments, evaluating the changes already achieved by the couple, and enhancing congruent communication. While they are aware of the trauma-informed approach, they do not use it in their work either due to a lack of knowledge or experience in working with couples who have experienced trauma. Overall, they do not feel sufficiently competent in working with trauma. In their professional counseling work, social workers face specific challenges, including a lack of time for conversations, reconciling legislation with couples' expectations, limited counselling experience, and addressing disorders. I would suggest introducing specific education for social workers focusing on approaches and methods in professional counselling for couples or requiring a professional counselling exam as a prerequisite for performing tasks at social welfare centres. I believe it is necessary to expand the workforce at social welfare centres to prevent social workers from becoming overwhelmed and to improve the quality of services. Additional training and knowledge acquisition in the psychology of self-esteem and promoting positive self-esteem, as well as participation in seminars and workshops addressing these topics, are also recommended. I propose establishing guidelines and protocols for implementing solution-focused approaches in social work, providing social workers with a theoretical foundation and guidance for their work.
Secondary keywords: professional couple counselling;partner relationship;anxiety;attachment styles;self-image;trauma;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za socialno delo
Pages: 166 str.
ID: 19904848